Delhi High Court Cracks Down on Custodial Death Claims: Probe Shifts to Elite Crime Branch

In a decisive move highlighting concerns over police self-investigation, the Delhi High Court has transferred the probe into an alleged custodial death at Pul Prahladpur police station to the Delhi Police Crime Branch. Justice Anup Jairam Bhambhani ordered the investigation of FIR No. 44/2026—registered under Sections 105/3(5) of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS)—to be led by an officer of at least Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACP) rank, under the direct supervision of the Joint Commissioner of Police (Crime). The ruling came in a petition filed by Rahul Chauhan, who alleges his father, Shamsher Singh, was brutally assaulted by officers at the station on February 23, 2026, and later declared dead at AIIMS.

Property Feud Turns Fatal: The Chilling Timeline

The tragedy unfolded amid a family property dispute. On February 23, 2026, Rahul Chauhan and his father were summoned to Pul Prahladpur police station in southeast Delhi. According to the petitioner, they were taken to a separate room where five named officers allegedly beat Shamsher Singh severely. He was rushed to AIIMS but pronounced "brought dead." A prior incident on February 11 at the same station was cited as context.

An FIR was lodged the next day, but the investigation was handed to Sub-Inspector Shamsher Singh from the same station—raising red flags for the petitioner. A complaint to the Deputy Commissioner of Police on March 2 went unanswered, prompting the urgent writ petition under Article 226 of the Constitution and Section 528 of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita.

Petitioner's Plea: Justice Beyond the Station Walls

Rahul Chauhan's counsel, Ayush Dutt Tripathi, urged the court for a fair departmental inquiry against the accused officers (named in petition paras 18 and 19). Key demands included preserving CCTV footage from February 11 and 23, highlighting the risk of tampering given the investigating officer's station ties. The plea painted a picture of systemic bias, with the initial probe risking a whitewash.

Police Response: CCTV Down, But Videos Available?

Summoned to court on March 27, Station House Officer Inspector Mahendra Pratap Singh and IO SI Shamsher Singh faced tough questions. The SHO admitted CCTV was non-functional on February 22-24 due to a "monkey menace" damaging wires, backed by Daily Diary entries to the maintenance agency. Footage from February 11 required checking. However, he offered alternative videos: one by an officer showing interaction with the deceased, and another from outside the petitioner's house. The SHO confirmed the accused officers were under his command.

The court directed an affidavit detailing these claims and ordered all video material handed to a new investigator.

Court's Razor-Sharp Logic: Eradicating Conflict at Source

Justice Bhambhani acted swiftly, retaining the case file in sealed cover for transmission to the Crime Branch. "On a prima-facie view of the matter, and in light of what has been recorded above, in the interests of justice and in order to obviate any conflict or allegations that may come to be made subsequently," the investigation was shifted. This preempts bias claims, ensuring a professional, expeditious probe.

No precedents were directly cited, but the ruling underscores judicial oversight in custodial death cases, where Article 21 rights to life and fair probe collide with police autonomy.

Key Observations from the Bench

  • On the gravity : "Considering the grave nature of the allegations made, it is directed that the SHO... be called to remain present before this court..."
  • CCTV directive : "Learned counsel submits, that urgent directions are required to preserve the CCTV footage of P.S.: Pul Prahladpur for 23.02.2026 ..."
  • Transfer rationale : "...the investigation... is transferred... with a direction to the Joint Commissioner of Police (Crime) , Delhi Police to appoint an appropriate investigating officer of at least the rank of an ACP..."
  • Supervision emphasis : "Needless to add, the Joint Commissioner (Crime) shall ensure that the investigation proceeds professionally and expeditiously."

Road to Accountability: Implications and Next Steps

This order mandates handing over all evidence, including viscera samples, to the new team. A status report is due by May 5, 2026. For families alleging custodial violence, it signals courts won't tolerate in-house probes. As reports note, the "monkey menace" explanation for missing CCTV has sparked skepticism, amplifying calls for transparency in police stations.

The bench also called for a departmental inquiry into the officers, balancing criminal probe with internal accountability. This could set a precedent for transferring sensitive cases, bolstering public trust amid rising custodial death concerns.