IMPORTANT POINT
The words "for reason beyond the control of such owner or person" occurring in clause (b) of sub-section (5) of Section 3-A of the Bombay Motor Vehicles Tax Act, 1958 as amended by the Bombay Motor Vehicles Tax (Gujarat Amendment) Act, 1992 were struck down.

Headnote:Bombay Motor Vehicles Tax Act, 1958 as amended by the Bombay Motor Vehicles Tax (Gujarat Amendment) Act, 1992-Section 3-A(5)-Refund of tax on ground of non-user of omnibus-Condition of proving to satisfaction of taxation authority reasons beyond control of registered owner or person in possession of vehicle for refund exceeding three months-Condition not valid-Words "for reasons beyond control of such owner or person occurring in clause (b) of sub-section (5) of Section 3-A struck down.
       It is well-settled in law that the tax imposed on vehicle under the Act is compensatory in nature for the purpose of raising revenue to meet the expenditure for making and maintaining the roads and regulation of traffic. To put it differently, the taxes are levied on the vehicles using the roads or in any way forming the part of the flow of traffic on the roads which is required to be regulated and not on the vehicles which do not use the roads at all. What is material and relevant is use of road by vehicles for levy of tax under the Act. The reasons for non-use of roads is immaterial and irrelevant when the nature of the tax itself is compensatory for use of roads. It follows from sun-section (2) Section 3 of the Act that where a motor vehicle is not using the roads no tax is levied thereon. If any tax has been paid in relation to such vehicle then the tax for the period during which it was not put on the road is refundable. In order to avoid evasion of tax the State can compel the owner to pay tax in advance. In fact sub-section 5(a) & (b) of Section 3-A speak of refund of tax that had been collected earlier. (Para 8)
       Various provisions and safeguards are available in the Act. The authorities have enough powers to check evasion of tax even without insisting for the reasons beyond the control of registered owner or person as to the reasons for non-use. A registered owner or the person in possession in addition to filing of Form NT, can be directed to surrender the registration certificate, fitness certificate etc. for the period of non-use. If the vehicles are clandestinely put to use without the certificate of registration; fitness certificate or taxation certificate, it is open to the authorities to take action against the owner in accordance with law. Mere apprehensions of clandestine use of a vehicle cannot be a ground for imposing tax on omnibuses which are not put on road or kept away from use. In Form NT (Annexure P-4) a declaration is made as to the place where the vehicle is kept for non-use and further declaration is made that the owner shall not remove the said vehicle from the said place without the previous permission of the taxation authority. In the said Form it is also stated that the certificate of taxation in respect of the said vehicle is also surrendered. Motor Vehicle Inspectors could also check and verify about the availability of the vehicle in place of "non-use". Any clandestine operation or the absence of vehicle from the declared place of non-use whenever and wherever detected attracts heavy penalty to the extent of 25% of the tax due and for repetition of such contraventions the amount of penalty is coercively increased. Further claim for refund of tax for the period of non-use of vehicle is allowed only if the owner or any person having possession or control of a designated omnibus proves to the satisfaction of the taxation authority that the bus in respect of which the tax has been paid has not been used or kept for use for a particular period. If the authorities are not satisfied as to the non-use of vehicle it is open to them to deny claim for refund. There is sufficient authority and machinery to the appellants to prevent evasion of tax in this regard. Looking to the Statement of Objects and Reasons for the amendment, it appears that the appellants do not trust the owners of omnibuses or their own officers and machinery. Mere apprehension of the appellants that omnibuses will be clandestinely operated and claim would be made for refund on the ground of their non-use, in our opinion, cannot justify for the insistence of satisfaction as to the reasons beyond the control of the owner or person for non-use of a omnibus. This apart, there is no good reason put forward as to why the omnibuses are singled out. Even heavy goods transport vehicles are also purchased by investing heavy amount. In other words, the condition that for a period of non-use beyond three months, the owner or a person in possession or control of vehicle should satisfy the reasons beyond the control for non-use of vehicle is attached to omnibuses and not to other vehicles. If the appellants see any difficulty in working of their officers in the matter of checking evasion of tax, that itself is not a good ground to uphold the validity of the condition that an owner or possessor of a vehicle should satisfy as to the non-use of omnibus for the reasons beyond his control in order to claim refund of tax for a period exceeding three months. (Para 9)
       Therefore, the High Court was correct in holding that insistence to satisfy the State Government or authorised officer as to the reasons beyond the control of the registered owner or the person in possession for non-use of the vehicle was beyond the legislative competence of the State. (Para 5)

JUDGMENT

Shivaraj V. Patil, J.-In this appeal the judgment and order dated 23.4.1998 made by the High Court of Gujarat at Ahmedabad in Special Civil Application No. 10356 of 1996 are impugned. The Respondents herein filed the said Special Civil Application in the High Court for setting aside the notice dated 29.3.1996 demanding payment of composite tax and penalty and for declaration that Section 3-A(5) of the Bombay Motor Vehicles Tax Act, 1958 as amended by the Bombay Motor Vehicles Tax (Gujarat Amendment) Act, 1992, is ultra vires being violative of Articles 14 and 19 of the Constitution of India.

2. The Respondent No. 1 is the owner of omnibus bearing registration No. GRQ 8403. The said vehicle had not been used or kept for use during the period from 1.7.1995 to 31.3.1996. He intimated the non-user of the said omnibus to the Motor Vehicle Inspector. He claimed refund of the tax for the said period. His claim for refund was not allowed on the ground that the omnibus had been kept in non-use for a period exceeding three months and he failed to satisfy that such non-use was for the reasons beyond his control. Consequently, the appellant issued demand notice dated 29.3.1996 demanding payment of composite tax of Rs. 14,000/- and penalty of Rs. 3,500/- from the Respondent No. 1. Under these circumstances, the Respondents filed the aforementioned Special Civil Application.

3. Section 3 of Bombay Motor Vehicles Tax Act, 1958 (for short the "Act") authorises levy and collection of tax on motor vehicles used or kept for use in the State. As per sub-section 2 of Section 3, a motor vehicle shall be deemed to have been used or kept for use in the State during the currency of certificate of registration except during the period for which the taxation authority has certified that the vehicle was not used or kept for use. Section 3-A of the Act provides for levy of tax on omnibuses which are used or kept for use in the State as contract carriages. The Act was amended by Gujarat State by the Bombay Motor Vehicles Tax (Gujarat Amendment) Act, 1992. Sub-section 5 of Section 3-A was submitted. The said substituted sub-section 5 of Section 3-A to the extent it is relevant reads as follows :-

"5(a) Where the registered owner or any person having possession or control of a designated omnibus who has paid tax under this section proves to the satisfaction of the taxation authority that the designated omnibus in respect of which a tax has been paid has not been used or kept for use for a continuous period of not less than one month, he shall be entitled to the refund of an amount equal to 1/12th of the annual rate of tax paid in respect of such omnibus for each complete month of the period for which the tax has been paid so however that, except as otherwise provided in clause (b) the total amount of a refund in a year shall not exceed-

(i) .......................

(ii) .......................

(b) Where a registered owner or a person having possession or control of a designated omnibus who has paid tax under this section proves to the satisfaction of the State Government or such officer not below the rank of the Director of Transport, Gujarat State, as may be notification in the Official Gazette be authorised in this behalf by the State Government that the designated omnibus in respect of which the tax has been paid has for reasons beyond the control of such owner or person not been used or kept for the use for a continuous period of not less one month but exceeding three months in a year, he shall be entitled to the refund of an amount equal 1/12th of the annual rate of the tax paid in respect of such omnibus for each complete month of the period of which the tax has been paid.

(Emphasis supplied)

4. As per this amended Section, a registered owner or a person having possession or control of the designated omnibus could claim refund of tax already paid upto a period of three months for non-user

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2000 Supreme(SC) 1017

IMPORTANT POINTThe words "for reason beyond the control of such owner or person" occurring in clause (b) of sub-section (5) of Section 3-A of the Bombay Motor Vehicles Tax Act, 1958 as amended by the Bombay Motor Vehicles Tax (Gujarat Amendment) Act, 1992 were struck down.

IMPORTANT POINT
The words "for reason beyond the control of such owner or person" occurring in clause (b) of sub-section (5) of Section 3-A of the Bombay Motor Vehicles Tax Act, 1958 as amended by the Bombay Motor Vehicles Tax (Gujarat Amendment) Act, 1992 were struck down.