SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
SUKHMANDAR SINGH
Versus
STATE OF PUNJAB
Decided on : August 5, 1998
Limitation - Termination of Employment - Applicability of Article 113 of the Limitation Act, 1963
Fact of the Case:
The appellant's employment as a Constable was terminated on the ground of producing a false Matriculation certificate. The appellant filed a suit challenging the termination, which was dismissed on the ground of limitation.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the suit challenging the termination was rightly dismissed on the ground of limitation as the appellant had not filed the suit within three years from the date of termination, as provided under Article 113 of the Limitation Act, 1963.
Issues: The main issue was the applicability of the limitation period for filing a suit challenging the termination of employment.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the cause of action for filing a suit challenging the termination arose at the time of termination, and as such, the suit should have been filed within three years from the date of termination as per Article 113 of the Limitation Act, 1963.
Final Decision: The appeal was dismissed, and no order as to costs was made.
( 1 ) THIS appeal is preferred against the order dated 1-12-1995 of the High court of Punjab and Haryana dismissing RSA No. 2475 of 1995 in limine.
( 2 ) THE appellant was appointed as a Constable on 27-8-1981. It was found later that he got the appointment by producing a false Matriculation certificate. The services of the appellant were terminated on 29-7-1983 on the ground that he secured the employment by producing a false matriculation Certificate. The appellant was also prosecuted for securing employment by producing a false certificate. However, the learned Judicial magistrate, 1st Class, Patiala, acquitted the appellant of the charge on 3-3-1990. Thereafter, on 7-9-1990, the appellant filed a suit for a declaration that the order of termination dated 29-7-1983 was illegal, null and void and for other consequential reliefs. That suit was dismissed by the trial court on 24-8-1994, both on merits as well as on the ground that it was barred by limitation. The appeal preferred against that judgment was also dismissed on 27-7-1995 by the first appellate court on the ground of limitation. The High court declined to interfere with the judgment of the trial court affirmed by the appellate court. It is under these circumstances, this appeal by special leave has been filed.
( 3 ) LEARNED Senior Counsel appearing for the appellant submitted that the cause of action for filing a suit in this case arises only after the judgment of the learned Judicial Magistrate acquitting the appellant of the charge. Therefore, the suit was filed in time and the conclusion reached by the courts below to the contrary, cannot be sustained. He also invited our attention to article 113 Part X of the Limitation Act, 1963 which says that any suit for which no period of limitation is provided etsewhere, the period will be three years when the right to sue accrues. Accepting the argument that Article 113 is applicable to the facts of this case, we are of the view that nothing prevented the appellant from filing a suit challenging the order of termination within three years from 29-7-1983 (the date of termination ). That having not been done, that suit was rightly dismissed on the ground of limitation as well. We are unable to agree with the contention that the cause of action arose in this case on 3-3-1990 when the learned Judicial Magistrate acquitted the appellant. As pointed out earlier, there was no bar statutorily or otherwise in the way of the appellant from filing a suit immediately after the termination order was passed.
( 4 ) IN the result, the appeal is dismissed. There will be no order as to costs.
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