Judgment

RAY, C. J, J.

( 1 ) CIVIL No. 275 of 1971 is by certificate from the judgment dated 6/08/1970 of the High court of Kerala. The appellant is M. Ramanatha Pillai.

( 2 ) CIVIL No. 2231 of 1970 is by certificate from the judgment dated 29/09/1970 of the High court of Punjab and H,aruyna. The appellants are S. Ajit Singh and Jamna Dass Akhtar.

( 3 ) CIVIL No. 248 of 1971 is by certificate from the judgment dated 30/09/1970 of the High court of Punjab and Haryana. The appellants are seven in number. They are Kulbhushan Lal, Krishna Lal, Jagdev Singh, Shanti Sarup, Dilawar Singh, Ram Asra and Inder Lal.

( 4 ) THE facts in Civil No. 275 of 1971 are these. A Vigilance Commission was constituted for the State of Kerala by an order dated 29/05/1965. The government of Kerala on O 26/10/1965 sanctioned the creation of a temporary post of Vigilanca Commissioner for a period of three years from 3/06/1965. P. D. Nandana Menon assumed charge as Vigilance Commissioner in that temporary post.

( 5 ) BY an order dated 16/04/1966 the government of Kerala defined the connstitutuion, jurisdiction, powers and functions of the Commission. The Order stated that the Commission would be headed by a full