important point
When the acts done by a government official were in discharge of duties entrusted under the Act, Section 48 of the Act is clearly applicable.

judgment

Dr. ARIJIT PASAYAT, J. —

1.Leave granted.

2.Challenge in this appeal is the order passed by a learned Single Judge of the Madhya Pradesh High Court. Challenge before the High Court was in a Misc. Appeal in Civil Revision which has later converted to the Misc. Appeal relating to the judgment dated 15.11.1995 in Civil Suit No. 4-B/92 passed by a learned Second Additional District Judge, Shahdol deciding issue No. 7 framed in the suit.

3.Background facts in a nutshell are as follows:

“Plaintiffs/respondents are brothers carrying on business in partnership at Shahdol. Appellant No.2 at the relevant time in the year 1981 was Sales Tax Officer in the employment of appellant No.1 State of Madhya Pradesh. It was averred by the plaintiffs respondents that the appellant No.1 in order to extract illegal gratification and to pressurize the respondents, misusing the office, conducted illegal search and seizure under the provisions of M.P. General Sales Tax Act, 1958 (hereinafter referred to as ‘Act’ for short). He also raised heavy demands of tax and penalty and also got revocation of the Sales Tax registration certificate of the appellants. The respondent No.1 also lodged a report under Section 353 of Indian Penal Code, 1860 (in short ‘I.P.C.’) with the police, resulting in prosecution of respondent No.2.

However, he was subsequently acquitted. The respondents, therefore, claimed damages on account of malicious prosecution, as would be clear from para 10 of the plaint.

The defendants/appellants resisted the claim. They averred that the report lodged by defendant/appellant No.1 was not true. It was based on falsehood. It was also pleaded that the suit was barred in view of provisions of Section 48 of the ‘Act’”

4.The learned trial Court framed several issues including Issue No.7 as to whether the suit was not maintainable as against the defendant No.2 in view of Section 48 of the Act.

5.Initially the case was fixed for recording evidence on all the issues. However, subsequently the prayer of the appellants to try Issue No.7 as above a preliminary issue, was accepted and after hearing the parties on the said issue trial court held that the suit to be not maintainable.

6.The trial court held that the basic grievance of the present respondents related to action of the present appellants’ officials in making search and alleged obstructions in the official duties. It was therefore held that the suit was not maintainable since permission of the State Government is required under Section 48 of the Act. Accordingly the trial court directed that suit be permitted to be withdrawn under Order 23 Rule 1(3)(a) of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (in short the ‘CPC’) with a liberty that they may institute fresh suit after obtaining necessary permission from the State Government.

7.There was a challenge by respondents on the ground that the cause of action as has been shown in the plaint was based on malicious prosecution on the basis of the report of the defendant No. 2 under Section 353 IPC and, therefore, the question of seeking permission under Section 48 of the Act does not arise.

8.The High Court accepted the plea and held that Section 48 had no application.

9.In support of the appeal it is submitted that a bare reading of Section 48 makes the position clear that the High Court’s judgment is unsustainable.

10.Learned counsel for the respondent on the other hand submitted that in a case relating to malicious prosecution the analogy of Section 197 Cr.P.C. had to be applied and the Act has nothing to do with said jurisdiction.

11.Section 48 of the Act reads as follows:

“(1)No suit, prosecution or other proceedings shall lie against any officer or servant of the State Government for any act done or purporting to be done under this Act, without the previous sanction of the State Government.

(1-a)No officer or servant of the State Government shall be liable in respect of any such act in any civil or criminal proceeding if the act was done in good faith in t