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2010 Supreme(SC) 496

DEEPAK VERMA, K.S.RADHAKRISHNAN
Improvement Trust, Ludhiana – Appellant
Versus
Ujagar Singh – Respondent


Judgement Key Points

Key Points: - (!) The judgment emphasizes that unless mala fides are writ large, delay should generally be condoned to allow contested merits (Limitation Act, Section 5) and avoid a straight jacket formula; each case must be weighed on its facts. (!) - (!) Condonation should consider that two months and a few days of delay were not fatal to the appeal for default, and the matter should be decided on merits rather than dismissing on technicalities. (!) - (!) The court remitted the matter to the Executing Court to decide the objections under Order 21 Rule 90 CPC on merits and in accordance with law, highlighting ends of justice and liberal condonation in appropriate circumstances. (!) - (!) There is encouragement to proceed with merits-focused adjudication to avoid denying justice due to procedural delays, especially where the delay is not grossly inexcusable. (!) - (!) The appellant’s conduct and reasons for delay (including communication failures by counsel) were weighed; the court found delay not so huge as to warrant dismissal on hyper-technical grounds and allowed limited relief with conditions (costs, payment to respondent, etc.). (!) (!) - (!) The decision reiterates that ends of justice may be met by setting aside certain orders and remitting for merits-based consideration, with costs imposed. (!) (!)

What is the standard for condonation of delay under Section 5 of the Limitation Act in appeals, and when should delay be condoned?

What are the circumstances under which an appeal/objection should be considered on merits rather than dismissed for delay?

What is the proper remedy when a party’s delay is not mala fide but caused by non-communication or attorney's conduct, and how should the matter be remitted for decision on merits?


ORDER
Heard counsel on either side at length. Records perused.

2. Even though both sides had cited several decisions of this Court on the scope and application of Section 5 of the Limitation Act, but it is neither necessary nor required to deal with those cases in the peculiar facts and circumstances of this case.

3. Land belonging to Respondent Nos. 1 to 4 was acquired by the appellant Improvement Trust, Ludhiana, for development scheme popularly known as "550 Acres Scheme". Reference Court had passed the Award and fixed the amount of compensation at rupees 4,27,068.20 paise together with interest at the rate of 9% per annum from the date of the issuance of the notification in favour of Respondent Nos. 1 to 4. The appellant did not deposit the amount. Respondent Nos. 1 to 4 had to approach the Executing Court for recovery of the amount awarded. The property described as Khewat No.867 Khautani No.971 Khasra No.272 admeasuring 7K-18M entered in jamabandi for the year 1988- 89 in village Jabaddi No.160 Tehsil and District Ludhiana was attached for realisation of the decretal amount. Later a notice under Order 21 Rule 66 of the Civil Procedure Code (hereinafter shall be referred to as 'C

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