Supreme Court of India
THE HONOURABLE DR. JUSTICE B.S. CHAUHAN & THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE SWATANTER KUMAR
Balwant Singh
Versus
Jagdish Singh & Others
CIVIL APPEAL No.1166 OF 2006
Decided on : 08-07-2010
Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Order XXII, Rule 9 - Limitation Act, 1963 - Section 5 –Substitution - Once a valuable right accrues in favour of one party as a result of failure of other party to explain delay by showing sufficient cause and its own conduct, that right cannot be taken away on mere asking of applicant-Justice must be done to both parties equally. (Para 13)
AIR 1962 SC 361; AIR 1964 SC 215; (1997) 7 SCC 556; (2000) 9 SCC 94; (2008) 8 SCC 321; AIR 2009 SC 2907-Relied upon.
.
(1985) 1 SCC 431; (2003) 10 SCC 691 (2004) 7 SCC 482-Distinguished.
Interpretation of Statute - Provisions of a statute have to be given full effect, keeping legislative intent in mind, in order to ensure that the projected object is achieved - No provisions can be treated to have been enacted purposelessly. (Para 14)
Limitation Act, 1963 - Section 5 - Condonation of delay - Explained delay should be clearly understood in contradistinction to inordinate unexplained delay - Court must also take into account conduct of parties. (Para 16)
Key Points: - The applicant must show sufficient cause for not filing the application within the prescribed limitation period (!) (!) . - The explanation for delay must be reasonable, plausible, and not due to negligence or inaction (!) (!) (!) . - Courts exercise discretionary power to condone delay, considering facts, circumstances, and conduct of the parties (!) (!) (!) .
Judgment :-
Swatanter Kumar, J.
1. The Learned Single Judge of the High Court of Punjab and Haryana at Chandigarh vide its Judgment dated 21st May, 2003 set aside the concurrent Judgment passed by the Appellate Authority, Ambala, dated 11th December, 2001 and that of the Rent Controller dated 27th September, 2000, passing an order of ejectment against the respondents in exercise of the powers conferred under Section 15 of the Haryana Urban Rent (Control of Rent and Eviction) Act, 1973 (for short `the Act'). The petition had been instituted by the landlord against the tenant on the ground of non-payment of rent. The tenant had denied the relationship of landlord and tenant and even claimed title to the said property on the basis of an agreement dated 21st November, 1953 entered into between the predecessor in interest of the petitioner. The ground taken for ejectment of the tenant in the eviction petition was non-payment of rent which was only Rs. 200/- per month. As already noticed, the judgment of the Appellate Authority was set aside by the High Court vide its judgment dated 21st May, 2003 and it is this judgment of the High Court which has been assailed by way of a Special Leave Petition before this Court. The leave to appeal was granted by the Court vide order dated 13th February, 2006.
2. During the pendency of the appeal on 28th November, 2007, the sole petitioner died. From the record, it appears that no steps were taken to bring on record the legal representatives of the deceased appellant for a considerable period of time on record. Somewhere on 15th April, 2010, I.A. No. 1 of 2010 has been filed along with I.A. No. 2 of 2010 praying for condonation of delay in filing the application for bringing the legal heirs on record. As is evident from the above narrated facts, the appellant died on 28th November, 2007 while the present applications have been filed on or about 15th April, 2010. Thus, there is delay of 778 days in filing these applications. The application for condonation of delay was seriously contested on behalf of the non-applicants. It was argued that no sufficient cause or even a reasonable cause has been shown for condoning the delay of more than two years and the appeal has already abated. The application, besides being vague at the face of it, contains untrue averments. As such, it is prayed that the application should be dismissed and consequently, the appeal would not survive for consideration.
3. Firstly, we have to deal with I.A. No. 2 of 2010, which is an application for condonation of delay in filing the application for bringing the legal representatives on record. The Learned Counsel appearing for the applicant stated that though no specific provision had been stated in the headings of any of the applications, I.A. No. 1 of 2010 should be treated as an application under Order 22 Rule 3 read with Section 151, of Code of Civil Procedure (hereinafter referred to as `CPC') while I.A. No.2 of 2010 should be treated as an application under Order 22 Rule 9 read with Section 5 of the Limitation Act, 1962.
4. At the very outset, we may notice that the delay in filing the application I.A. No. 1 of 2010 is considerable and it cannot be disputed that the onus to show that sufficient cause exists for condonation of delay lies upon the applicant.
5. It is obligatory upon the applicant to show sufficient cause due to which he was prevented from continuing to prosecute the proceedings in the suit or before the higher Court. Here there is admittedly, a delay of 778 days in filing the application for bringing the legal representative on record. To explain this delay, the applicant has filed a one page application stating that they were not aware of the pendency of the appeal before the Court and came to know, only in March, 2010 from their counsel that the case would be listed for final disposal during the vacations in May, 2010. Then the applications, as already noticed, were filed on 15th April, 2010. In order to e
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State of Bihar v. Kameshwar Prasad Singh [(2000) 9 SCC 94]
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Ganeshprasad Badrinarayan Lahoti v. Sanjeevprasad Jamnaprasad Chourasiya [(2004) 7 SCC 482]
Ram Sumiran v. D.D.C. [(1985) 1 SCC 431]
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