According to the judgement, a single contract is characterized by the issuance of a purchase order or an agreement that explicitly states that the supply or performance is to be carried out according to the terms mentioned therein and in the attached standard terms and conditions. The purchase order is considered a single contract when it contains a clear and categorical mention that the supply or performance will be as per the specified terms and conditions, and the parties accept these terms (!) (!) .

Furthermore, the court clarified that even if the standard form attached to the purchase order is not from a recognized trade association or professional body, the mere knowledge and acceptance of those standard terms by the parties can suffice to treat the entire arrangement as a single contract. The key aspect is the comprehensive and explicit reference to the terms and conditions within the same contractual document, which collectively form one binding agreement (!) .

In essence, a single contract involves a unified agreement where all relevant terms, including those incorporated by reference or attachment, are intended to be part of the same contractual obligation, and the reference to standard terms within that agreement is sufficient for its validity and enforceability.