The central legal point established in the judgment is the requirement for cogent and positive evidence to prove allegations of domestic violence and the burden of proof on the prosecution to establish guilt beyond all reasonable doubts.

ORDER :

1. This criminal appeal is preferred by the State against the impugned order dated 05.11.2009 passed by the High Court of Madhya Pradesh, Bench at Jabalpur in Criminal Appeal No. 3187 of 1999, wherein, the High Court set aside the order of conviction & sentence passed by the Trial Court against the respondents herein.

2. The factual matrix as advanced by the prosecution, necessary for the disposal of this case is that, one Sarita Bai was married to respondent no. 1 on 23.04.1998. Ever since her marriage, she was alleged to have been tortured and ill treated by her in-laws, including her husband i.e. respondent no. 1 and mother-in-law i.e. respondent no. 3.

3. On 14.07.1998, Sarita Bai (hereinafter referred to as ‘deceased’) committed suicide at her in-laws’ (respondents) place by consuming poison. Thereafter, investigation was conducted by the police and respondents were charged under Sec. 498-A/34, 304-B/34 of IPC and alternatively under Sec. 306/34 of IPC. Trial Court after examining the witnesses and evidence available on record, found the respondents guilty for committing offence under Sec. 498-A/34 and Sec. 306/34 of IPC. Therefore, vide order dated 22.11.1999, respondents were convicted and sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment of 3 years for offence committed under Sec. 498-A/34 and rigorous imprisonment of 5 years for offence committed under Sec. 306/34 of IPC. The sentences were ordered to run concurrently.

4. Thereafter, respondents filed a criminal appeal in the High Court against the order passed by Trial Court. By the judgment impugned herein, the High Court observed that the Trial Court proceeded on assumptions against the respondents, without giving them any opportunity under Sec. 313 of Cr.P.C to defend themselves. High Court ruled that there was no cogent or positive evidence on record to prove that the respondents subjected the deceased to mental or physical cruelty or harassment, so as to force her to commit suicide. Thus, presumption under Sec. 113-A of Indian Evidence Act could not be drawn against the respondents. Therefore, High Court vide order dated 05.11.2009, acquitted the respondents from all charges and set aside the order of conviction and sentence passed by the Trial Court.

5. Heard learned counsel for both the parties and perused the evidence available on record.

6. After examining the depositions of PW-2 & PW-3, it becomes amply clear that they have tried to make improvements in their evidence which suffer from several contradictions. PW-2 made improvements regarding demand of five thousand rupees in lieu of the vehicle and allegations pertaining to pressurizing the deceased by respondents, to come at the matrimonial home along-with the new & bigger vehicle like rajdoot and not otherwise. The evidence of PW-2 is contrary to his own statement given to the police (Ex. D-1). Further, PW-3 admitted in his cross examination at Para-7 of his deposition that he disclosed it for the first time before the Court that the Respondents used to ask for a bigger vehicle and addressed the deceased as ‘kali kaluti’ etc. Therefore, allegations made by PW-2 & PW-3 against the respondents regarding ill-treatment or harassment of the deceased for vehicle and other things, cannot be accepted as correct and true, beyond any doubt. It is to be noted, that these allegations were made for the first time by PW-2 & PW-3, before the Court and not earlier to the police in the merg intimation report (Ex. P-3) or in any other report.

7. Further, It is to be noted that there is no evidence to prove that the deceased was subjected to physical torture or beating by the respondents. There is no evidence on record to show that the deceased made any complaint to her parents (PW-2) or brother (PW-3) about any physical assault or torture caused by the Respondents. Further, no physical injury was found by PW-5 (Dr. Azad Kumar Saravagi) in the postmortem examination of the deceased.

8. Lastly, it is to be observed that the decease