1. Dispute regarding territorial jurisdiction for filing a complaint under Section 498A, IPC at the place where the wife was residing. (Para 2 )
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2019 Supreme(SC) 2194
SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
Deepak Gupta, Aniruddha Bose, JJ.
Priti Kumari - Appellant
Versus
The State Of Bihar & Ors. - Respondents
Criminal Appeal No. 1387 of 2019 (@ Special Leave to Appeal (Crl.) Nos. 712/2018)
Decided On : 13-09-2019
Advocates Appeared:
Mr. Jayesh Gaurav, Adv. Ms. Diksha Ojha, Adv. Ms. Priyanka Tyagi, Adv. Mr. Farrukh Rasheed, AOR, for the Appellant; Mr. E. C. Vidya Sagar, AOR Mr. Manish Kumar, Adv. Mr. Feroze Ahmad, Adv. Mr. R.S. Sharma, Adv. Mr. Ranjan Dwivedi, AOR, for the Respondent
Mr. Jayesh Gaurav, Adv. Ms. Diksha Ojha, Adv. Ms. Priyanka Tyagi, Adv. Mr. Farrukh Rasheed, AOR, for the Appellant; Mr. E. C. Vidya Sagar, AOR Mr. Manish Kumar, Adv. Mr. Feroze Ahmad, Adv. Mr. R.S. Sharma, Adv. Mr. Ranjan Dwivedi, AOR, for the Respondent
Courts at the place where the wife takes shelter after leaving or driven away from the matrimonial home due to acts of cruelty by the husband or his relatives have jurisdiction to entertain a complaint alleging commission of offenses under Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code.
Headnote:
Jurisdiction - Section 498A, IPC - Jurisdiction of courts at the place where the wife takes shelter after leaving or driven away from the matrimonial home - Summary: The court held that the courts at the place where the wife takes shelter after leaving or being driven away from the matrimonial home due to acts of cruelty by the husband or his relatives have jurisdiction to entertain a complaint alleging commission of offenses under Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code.
Fact of the Case:
The main dispute is whether the appellant - wife could have filed a complaint under Section 498A, IPC at the place where she was residing. The High Court held that no cause of action had arisen where she was residing.
Finding of the Court:
The court allowed the criminal appeal and set aside the judgment of the High Court.
Issues: Jurisdiction of courts for filing a complaint under Section 498A, IPC at the place where the wife was residing.
Ratio Decidendi: Courts at the place where the wife takes shelter after leaving or driven away from the matrimonial home due to acts of cruelty by the husband or his relatives have jurisdiction to entertain a complaint alleging commission of offenses under Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code.
Final Decision: The criminal appeal is allowed and the judgment of the High Court is set aside.
Act Referred
Legal Category Hierarchy
Table of Contents
2. Whether a cause of action arises at the place of residence of the wife for filing a complaint under Section 498A, IPC. (Para 2 )
3. The court observed that jurisdiction extends to the place where the wife takes shelter after leaving the matrimonial home due to cruelty. (Para 2 )
4. Courts where a wife takes shelter after leaving or being driven away from the matrimonial home due to cruelty have jurisdiction to entertain complaints under Section 498A, IPC. (Para 2 )
5. Criminal appeal allowed and the High Court judgment set aside. (Para 3 )
6. Can a complaint under Section 498A, IPC be filed in a court where the wife resides after leaving her matrimonial home?
Yes, courts at the place where the wife takes shelter after leaving or being driven away from the matrimonial home on account of acts of cruelty committed by the husband or his relatives have jurisdiction to entertain such complaints, depending on the factual situation. (Para 2 )
ORDER
1. Leave granted.
2. In this case, the main dispute is whether the appellant - wife could have filed a complaint under Section 498A, IPC at the place where she was residing. The High Court held that no cause of action has arisen where she was residing. This matter is squarely covered by the judgment of this Court in Rupali Devi v. State of U.P. & Ors. [(2019) 5 SCC 384] ; wherein this Court held as follows:
"10. The question that has posed for an answer has nothing to do with the provisions of Section 178 (b) or (c). What has to be really determined is whether the exception carved out by Section 179 would have any application to confer jurisdiction in the courts situated in the local area where the parental house of the wife is located.
11. To answer the above question, one will have to look into the Statement of Objects and Reasons of the Criminal Law [2nd Amendment Act, 1983 (Act 46 of 1983)] by which Section 498A was inserted in the Indian Penal Code. The section itself may be noticed in the first instance:
"498A.Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty.- Whoever, being the husband or the relative of the husband of a woman, subjects such woman to cruelty shall be punished with imprisonment for a term which may extend tothree years and shall also be liable to fine.
Explanation.- For the purposes of this section, "cruelty" means -
(a) any wilful conduct which is of such a nature as is likely to drive the woman to commit suicide or to cause grave injury or danger to life, limb or health (whether mental or physical) of the woman; or
(b) harassment of the woman where such harassment is with a view to coercing her or any person related to her to meet any unlawful demand for any property or valuable security or is on account of failure by her or any person related to her to meet such demand.
16. We, therefore, hold that the courts at the place where the wife takes shelter after leaving or driven away from the matrimonial home on account of acts of cruelty committed by the husband or his relatives, would, dependent on the factual situation, also have jurisdiction to entertain a complaint alleging commission of offences under Section 498A of the Indian Penal Code."
3. In view of the above, the criminal appeal is allowed and the judgment of the High Court is set aside.
4. Pending application, if any, stands disposed of.
