The lower courts must satisfactorily dispose of the matter and ensure that compromises are lawfully recorded, consistent with the provisions of Order 23 Rule 3 of the CPC.

ORDER :

1. The parties to a civil suit are said to have entered into a compromise. A deed of compromise was filed before the Trial Court, but the Trial Court refused to record the compromise holding that it was intended to avoid payment of stamp duty and registration, and therefore, was not lawful. The plaintiffs in the Trial Court preferred a revision before the Court of Additional District Judge (empowered to hear civil revisions under Section 115 of the Civil Procedure Code as it stood then amended in its application in the State of M.P.). Before the Revisional Court Balwant Singh, the defendant No. 1 in the Trial Court, resiled from the compromise and on 16-10-91 filed a petition in writing stating the grounds on which he claimed not to be bound by the terms of compromise and why, in his submission, the same was not lawful. While the revision was pending in the District Court, Balwant Singh died on 8-7-92. An application was moved before the District Court proposing to bring the legal representatives on record, based on a Will dated 5-7-92 said to have been executed by Late Balwant Singh in favour of Rampyari. There was a dispute as to whether Balwant Singh was survived by any L.Rs., and if so, who they were. That controversy was not resolved in revision. By order dated 31-7-98, the learned Additional District Judge formed an opinion that in view of the statements, including that of Balwant singh having been recorded by the Trial Court, it could be held that the compromise was voluntarily arrived at by and between the parties to the suit. However, no finding was recorded on the question of impleadment of legal representatives of Late Balwant Singh. The learned Additional District Judge allowed the revision application filed by the plaintiffs and directed the matter to be sent back to the Trial Court for the. purpose of passing a decree in terms of compromise, subject to decision on the application proposing to bring the legal representatives of Late Balwant Singh on record. Rampyaribai claiming herself to be the daughter of Late Balwant Singh, filed a writ petition under Article 227 of the Constitution before the High Court, laying challenge to the order of learned Additional District Judge, which has been dismissed. Aggrieved by the decision of the High Court, Rampyaribai has filed this petition seeking special leave to appeal.

2. Leave granted.

3. Having heard the learned Senior Counsel for the parties, we are of the opinion that there has been no satisfactory disposal of the matter in issue by any of the Courts below and therefore, the orders of all the Courts below deserve to be set aside with a direction to the Trial Court to hear and decide the matter afresh on the question of compromise consistent by with the provisions of Order 23 Rule 3 of the CPC. The Trial Court did not have an occasion to apply its mind and record a finding on the principal issue contemplated by Order 23 Rule 3 of Civil Procedure Code as to why it felt satisfied that the suit has been adjusted by any lawful agreement or compromise in writing and signed by the parties, the expression as employed in the abovesaid provision. The Trial Court chose to reject the compromise for other reasons. The learned Additional District Judge, while expressing disagreement with the order of the learned Trial Court, proceeded to record a finding on the lawfulness of the compromise, but without adverting to and inquiring into the ground of challenge laid by Late Balwant Singh before it. Before the learned Additional District Judge decided the matter finally, Balwant Singh had expired and an order taking the compromise on record could not have been passed unless and until it was decided whether Late Balwant Singh was survived by any legal representative and, if so, by whom. Till then any order binding the estate of Late Balwant Singh could not have been passed.

4. The appeal is allowed. All the impugned orders, viz, of the Trial Court, Revisional Court and the High Cour