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2014 Supreme(SC) 1392

SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
R.M. LODHA, CJI., KURIAN JOSEPH, ROHINTON FALI NARIMAN, JJ.
STATE OF PUNJAB & ORS. – Appellant(s)
VERSUS
DAVINDER SINGH & ORS. – Respondent(s)
CIVIL APPEAL NO. 2317 OF 2011
Decided On : 20-08-2014

The court referred the interpretation and interplay between Articles 16(1), 16(4), 338, and 341 of the Constitution of India, and the necessity of revisiting a previous Constitution Bench decision in light of a 9-Judge Bench ruling, to a larger Bench.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Articles 16(1), 16(4), 338 and 341 - Interpretation and interplay between provisions relating to equality of opportunity, reservation, and the functions of the National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes - Need to revisit prior judicial precedents in light of existing constitutional mandates and larger bench decisions. (Paras 3 and 4)

Facts of the case:
In an appeal, the respondents relied upon a previous Constitution Bench decision, whereas the appellants argued that the said decision was inapplicable and inconsistent with a ruling delivered by a 9-Judge Bench.

Findings of Court:
The court held that the previous judicial precedent requires reconsideration in light of Article 338 and the law established by a 9-Judge Bench.

Issues: Whether a prior Constitution Bench decision needs to be revisited in view of Article 338 and the interplay between Articles 16(1), 16(4), 338, and 341 of the Constitution of India.

Ratio Decidendi: Due to the need for interpretation of the interplay between Articles 16(1), 16(4), 338, and 341 and the potential conflict between judicial precedents, the matter requires consideration by a larger Bench.

Result: Matter referred to a larger Bench.

Legal Category Hierarchy

  • constitutional law
    • equal protection and non-discrimination
      • reservation in employment (Para 4)
      • scheduled castes and scheduled tribes
        • presidential order under article 341 (Para 4)
      • national commission for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes (Para 3)
  • practice and procedure
    • reference to larger bench (Para 5, 6)

Table of Contents

1. Reliance on precedent — contention that precedent is not in accord with larger bench decision. (Para 1 , 2 )

2. Court held that the Constitution Bench decision needs revisiting in light of a nine-judge bench decision and Article 338. (Para 3 , 4 )

3. Matter referred to larger Bench for consideration of constitutional issues; placed before Chief Justice. (Para 5 , 6 )

4. What factors warrant reference of a case to a larger Bench?

When a Constitution Bench decision is not in accord with a larger bench decision and involves interplay of constitutional provisions, it requires revisiting. (Para 3 , 4 )

ORDER

Learned counsel for the respondent(s) heavily relies upon the Constitution Bench decision of this Court in E.V. Chinnaiah Vs. State of A.P. and others, (2005) 1 SCC 394.

2. On the other hand, learned Additional Solicitor General for the appellants, submits that E.V. Chinnaiah1 has no application on the controversy in hand. Moreover, he submits that E.V. Chinnaiah1 is not in accord with the 9-Judge Bench decision of this Court in Indra Sawhney and others Vs. Union of India and others, 1992 Supp (3) SCC 217.

3. Having heard learned Additional Solicitor General and learned counsel for the parties, we are of the view that E.V. Chinnaiah1 needs to be revisited in light of Article 338 of the Reason: Constitution of India and, inter alia, exposition of law in Indra Sawhney, 1992 Supp (3) SCC 217.

4. Moreover, the matter also involves interpretation and interplay between Article 16(1), Article 16(4), Article 338 and Article 341 of the Constitution of India as well.

5. In this view of the matter, we refer the matter for consideration of the above aspects by the larger Bench.

6. Let the matter be placed before the Chief Justice on administrative side for appropriate order.

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