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2025 Supreme(SC) 289

SANJIVKHANNA, SANJAYKUMAR, K. V. VISWANATHAN
Ayyub – Appellant
Versus
State Of Uttar Pradesh – Respondent


Advocates appeared:
For the Appellant(s) : Mr. Bhuwan Raj, AOR Mr. Raman Singh, Adv. Ms. Manju Savita, Adv. Mr. Niraj Dubey, Adv.
For the Respondent(s): Ms. Preeti Goel,Adv. Mr. Vishwa Pal Singh, AOR Mr. Mukesh Kumar, Adv. Mr. Srikant Singh, Adv. Mr. Akash, Adv. Dr. Varnit Sharma, Adv. Mr. Suraj Pal Singh, Adv. Mr. Divyesh Pratap Singh, AOR Mr. Amit Sangwan, Adv. Mr. Ashu Bhindwar, Adv. Ms. Sneha Chandna, Adv. Mr. Varun Singh, Adv. Mr. Vikram Pratap Singh, Adv.

Judgement Key Points

The legal document provided does not explicitly mention or discuss the concept of a psychological autopsy. However, it highlights the importance of a thorough and comprehensive investigation into the circumstances surrounding the death, especially in cases of suicide. The court emphasizes that the investigation should explore all angles, including underlying factors that may have contributed to the deceased’s mental state and decision to take their own life.

A psychological autopsy is a specialized investigative tool used to determine the mental state of the deceased prior to death, often involving psychological assessments, interviews with acquaintances, and review of medical and personal history. It can provide valuable insights into whether the death was truly a suicide, accidental, or due to other causes, and can help establish or refute elements like intent, mental health issues, or external influences.

In the context of the case, the court’s directive for a reinvestigation underscores the necessity for an independent, thorough inquiry that may include, if deemed appropriate, a psychological autopsy to uncover the deceased’s mental condition and the possible psychological factors leading to her death. Such an approach aligns with the court’s concern for uncovering the complete and true story behind the incident, beyond the superficial or initial findings, ensuring that all relevant factors, including psychological ones, are adequately explored during the reinvestigation.


JUDGMENT :

K.V. Viswanathan, J.

1. The present criminal appeal calls in question the correctness of the order dated 27.07.2023 passed by the High Court of Judicature at Allahabad in Application under Section 482 Cr.P.C. No. 25969 of 2023. By the said order, the High Court declined to quash the proceedings instituted against the appellants under Section 306 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (for short ‘IPC’).

2. The facts of the case are rather unfortunate. It has its origin in a suspected relationship between the son of the first appellant, one Ziaul Rahman (since deceased) and Tanu (since deceased), the cousin sister of respondent no. 2.

3. On 02.11.2022 at 19:15 hrs, the first appellant Ayyub lodged a first information report alleging that Bhuru @ Janeshwar (relative of deceased Tanu), Maneshwar Saini (father of deceased Tanu), Priyanshu, and Shivam (brother of Tanu) beat his son Ziaul Rahman with sticks and fists. According to the complaint, this was on suspicion about the relationship between Ziaul Rahman and Tanu. According to the FIR, the incident was witnessed by Saleem Ahmed and Abdul Rehman. It was also averred that while being taken for treatment, after being referred to a highe

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