SUPREME COURT OF INDIA
ARAVIND KUMAR, N.V. ANJARIA, JJ.
Commissioner Of Service Tax Mumbai – Appellants
Versus
M/S Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. Etc. – Respondents
Civil Appeal Nos. 2471-2473 of 2015
Decided On : 20-07-2026
JUDGMENT :
N.V. ANJARIA, J.
For the purpose of convenient reference, the contents of this judgment are divided into heads and sub-heads, mentioned with corresponding paragraphs, as under.
| Table of Contents | ||
| Sl. No. | Head and Sub-Heads | Paragraph Nos. |
| 1. | Challenge in Appeals | 1 to 1.1 |
| 2. | Issue Involved | 2 |
| 3. | Attendant Facts | 3 to 3.1.1 |
| 4. | Claim of Department | 3.2 |
| 5. | Demand Raised | 3.3 to 3.3.2 |
| 6. | Findings In Orders-in-Original | 3.4 to 3.4.2 |
| 7. | Explanation By BPCL/HPCL | 3.5 to 3.5.1 |
| 8. | Conclusion By Adjudicating Authority | 3.6 to 3.6.5 |
| 9. | View of CESTAT | 3.7 to 3.7.4 |
| 10. | Submissions of Appellant | 4 to 4.1.1 |
| 11. | Submissions of BPCL/HPCL | 4.2 |
| 12. | Crux of Controversy | 5 to 5.1.2 |
| 13. | Business Auxiliary Service | 5.2 to 5.2.2 |
| 14. | What is ‘Sale’ | 5.3 to 5.3.6 |
| 15. | Concept of Agency | 5.4 to 5.4.7 |
| 16. | ‘Sale’ and ‘Agency’ Distinguished | 5.5 to 5.5.2 |
| 17. | Clauses In Agreements | 6 to 6.9.1 |
|
| (a) Representation by BPCL/HPCL |
|
|
| (b) Definitions |
|
|
| (c) About Supply of CNG |
|
|
| (d) Obligations of MGL |
|
|
| (e) MGL’s Right to Inspect etc. |
|
|
| (f) Mode of Billing, Payments |
|
|
| (g) BPCL/HPCL not liable for deficiency |
|
|
| (h) MGL to be Indemnified |
|
|
| (i) Right of MGL to Terminate |
|
|
| (j) Sale to be Exclusive |
|
|
| (k) Amended Clauses Compared |
|
| 18. | Decisive Aspects | 7 to 7.1.9 |
|
| (a) Providence of Services |
|
|
| (b) As a Facilitator |
|
|
| (c) Element of Control |
|
|
| (d) Fixation of Price |
|
|
| (e) MGL Is Regulator |
|
|
| (f) Monitoring of Supply of Goods |
|
|
| (g) The Risk Factor |
|
|
| (h) Retention of Control Over Goods |
|
|
| (i) Commission Agent |
|
|
| (j) Title did not Pass |
|
| 19. | Under Domain of MGL | 7.2 to 7.2.2 |
| 20. | Evident Intention | 7.3 to 7.3.1 |
| 21. | Clauses Constituting Agency | 8 to 8.2 |
| 22. | Commission, Not Trade Discount | 9 to 9.1.2 |
| 23. | Attribute of Agency | 9.2 to 9.2.3 |
| 24. | “Ownership” retained with MGL | 10 to 10.3 |
| 25. | Recipient Agent | 11 to 11.3 |
| 26. | Within Purview of Definition | 12 to 12.2 |
| 27. | Conclusion and Order | 13 to 16 |
Challenge in Appeals
1. The present Appeals under Section 35L (b) of the Central Excise Act, 19441[Hereinafter, “Central Excise Act”] read with Section 83 of the Finance Act, 1994 (as amended) 2[Hereinafter, “Finance Act”], are preferred by the Commissioner of Service Tax, Mumbai against common order dated 04.06.2014 passed by the Customs, Excise & Service Tax Appellate Tribunal, West Zonal Bench, Mumbai3[Hereinafter, “CESTAT”] in Appeal Nos.ST/778 and 779/12 & ST/85346/13-Mum, which were preferred by M/s Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited4[Hereinafter, “BPCL”] and M/s Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited5[Hereinafter, “HPCL”], respondent Nos.1 and 2 herein6[Hereinafter, “the respondent-Corporations”] respectively.
1.1 CESTAT allowed the Appeals and set aside the Orders-in-Original Nos. 03-04 and 05-06/ST/SB/2012-13 dated 16.08.2012, whereby the Commissioner of Customs (TAR), Mumbai, confirmed the demand towards service tax against the respondent-Corporations.
Issue Involved
2. The issue centripetal to the controversy in the present appeals is whether the activities of the respondent-Corporations in relation to sale of Compressed Natural Gas7[Hereinafter, “CNG”] to the consumers provided by Mahanagar Gas Limited8[Hereinafter, “MGL”] at and through the petrol pump outlets owned by the respondent-Corporations would fall within the purview of “Business Auxiliary Service” as defined under Section 65(19) read with Section 65(105)(zzb) of the Finance Act and consequently whether it would attract the liability of payment of service tax.
Attendant Facts
3. MGL was engaged in manufacturing and distributing CNG, which is excisable good. MGL had been receiving natural gas from Gas Authority of Ind
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