( 1 ) THESE appeals arise out of O. S. No. 45 of 1947 on the file of the Addl. Subordinate Judge, Guntur and the parties are the same. A. S. No. 118 and 173 of 1951 are by the 1st defendant and the third defendant, who is the proprietor of the 4th defendant firm, while A. S. No. 485 of 1951 is by the plaintiff. The material facts may be briefly set out.

( 2 ) IN 1946, nine merchants trading in ghee formed themselves into a private limited company called Amrut Ghee and Co. , Guntur, the present plaintiff, for trading in ghee. They obtained a permit to export 330 tons of ghee to Calcutta, Kharagpur and Midnapur, on the 14th of October, 1946. As they were not acquainted with the market conditions of Calcutta etc. , they sought the assistance of the 1st defendant, one Purushottam Hari Das also a ghee merchant of Guntur, who has two brothers at Calcutta, defendants 2 and 3, the 3rd defendant being the sole proprietor of the 4th defendant firm. It was agreed between the parties that the 1st defendant should arrange for sale of the ghee to be exported to the above mentioned place on commission basis at Rs. 2. 00 per tin and also secure a financier who could make advances