1974 Supreme(Kar) 3
Karnataka High Court
RAJAGOPALA - Appellant
Versus
P.REVANNA - Respondent
Decided On : 01-09-74
C.R.P. : 2041 of 1973
A.T.BALAGOPAL, YOGANDER SINHA
Legal representatives of a deceased plaintiff can only prosecute the cause of action as originally framed and cannot raise a plea that was personal to the deceased.
Headnote:
Eviction - Landlord's Requirement - Karnataka Rent Control Act, 1961, S. 21(1)(a), S. 21(1)(h) - Summary: The court discussed the provisions of S. 21(1)(h) of the Act, emphasizing that the requirement contemplated therein is not merely the need of the landlord personally but also his wife, children, or other dependents. The court held that the legal representatives of a deceased plaintiff can only prosecute the cause of action as originally framed and cannot raise a plea that was personal to the deceased. The court concluded that the eviction order was erroneous and set it aside.
Fact of the Case:
The landlord filed for eviction of his tenant, stating that the shop was reasonably and bona fide required for his business. After the landlord's death, his legal representatives continued the proceedings, claiming the premises were required for their business and occupation.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the legal representatives cannot raise a plea that was personal to the deceased landlord and that the eviction order was erroneous.
Issues: The main issue was whether the legal representatives of the deceased landlord could raise a plea that was different from that put forward by the landlord.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the legal representatives can only prosecute the cause of action as originally framed and cannot raise a plea that was personal to the deceased landlord.
Final Decision: The court allowed the petition, set aside the eviction order, and dismissed the application for eviction.
( 2 ) IN the application for eviction, Revanna had stated thus :"the petition schedule shop is reasonably and bona fide required by the petitioner for the purpose of his business. The premises in which the petitioner was formerly running his business had to be vacated as the said shop was required by its landlord for his business. The petitioner was therefore, obliged to request the respondent to vacate the schedule shop and deliver the same to the petitioner. The respondent who was promising to vacate the same in the beginning, later refused to do so. The petitioner therefore caused a legal notice to be issued to the respondent duly terminating his tenancy and informing him of the above facts. "
( 3 ) REVENNA died before the evidence commenced in the proceedings. His son who was impleaded as one of the legal representatives gave evidenct. He stated that the shop is required by him to continue his father's business and there is no other premises available to him. Believing that evidence, learned munsift held that the landlord has proved that the shop is reasonably and bona fide required by him for his personal. occupation and if the possession is not given, it would cause him greater hardship. Those findings were affirmed by the District Judge in the appeal prefeirred by the tenant.
( 4 ) THE contention urged before the appellate Judge was, that the legal representatives of Revanna had no right to continue the action for eviction on a plea which was different from that put forward by Revanna. It was urged that the requirement of Revanna that the premises were bona fide needed for his occupation was personal to him and on his death, his legal representatives cannot continue the proceedings on the ground that the premises are required for their bona, fide use and occupation.
( 5 ) THE learned Judge rejected that contention; while dismissing the appeal. He hag held that the provisions of S. 21 (1) (h) are comprehensive enough and, the requirement contemplated therein is not merely the need of the landlord personally but also his wife or children or other dependents. v the same contention has been pressed before me on behalf of the tenant. Under S. 21 (1) (h) of the Act, the, landlord can ask for possession of any premises on the ground that the premises are reasonably and bona fide required for his personal occupation or for any person for whose benefit the premises are held or where the landlord is a trustee of a public charitable trust, that the premises are required for occupation for the purposes of the trust. Revanna, in his application for eviction has stated that " the petition schedule shop in reasonably and bona fide required by him for the purpose of his business". He has never stated that the premises were required for his sons or for continuing his family business. His need was therefore, purely personal to him.
( 6 ) UNDER Rule 3 of Order 22 (CPC) where a sole plaintiff or sole, surviving plaintiff dies and the right to sue survives, the Court, on an application made in that behalf, shall cause the legal representatives of the deceased plaintiff to be made a party and shall proceed with the suit or the proceeding. The legal representative of a deceased plaintiff can only prosecute the cause of action as originally framed. Sub-clause (ii) of Rule 4 of Order 22 CPC is more specific on this question. It provides that when a sole defendant or sole surviving defendant dies and the right to sue survives, his legal representatives who are brought on rec