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1976 Supreme(Kar) 172

Karnataka High Court
GYANU MADHU - Appellant
Versus
STATE OF KARNATAKA - Respondent
Decided On : 10-20-76
CRIMINAL PETITION : 448 of 1976

Advocates:
B.G.Naik, M.Nagappa

The main legal point established in the judgment is that the accused person secures a right to claim enlargement on bail after the expiry of sixty days from the date of arrest, provided he exercises that right by expressing willingness to furnish bail. The judgment also clarified the Magistrate's power of remand after taking cognizance of the offence under S. 309 of the CPC.

Headnote:

Bail - Criminal Procedure Code - S. 167, S. 309 - The court discussed the scope and ambit of proviso (a) to sub-sec (2) of S. 167 of the CPC and the powers of a Magistrate to authorize detention of an accused in custody. It held that the accused person secures a right to claim enlargement on bail after the expiry of sixty days from the date of arrest, provided he exercises that right by expressing willingness to furnish bail. The court also emphasized that the power of remand to custody after taking cognizance of the offence is governed by S. 309 of the CPC, and the accused is entitled to be released on bail if detained beyond the stipulated period, even if the investigation is ongoing. The judgment cited relevant case laws to support its findings.

Fact of the Case:

The petitioners were accused in a murder case and sought bail after being remanded to judicial custody. The court analyzed the provisions of S. 167 and S. 309 of the CPC in relation to the detention of the accused and their entitlement to bail.

Finding of the Court:

The court found that the petitioners were entitled to be enlarged on bail as they were detained without valid and legal orders of detention in custody during a certain period. It emphasized that the accused's right to claim bail arises after the expiry of sixty days from the date of arrest, and the power of remand after taking cognizance of the offence is governed by S. 309 of the CPC.

Issues: The key issues revolved around the interpretation of proviso (a) to sub-sec (2) of S. 167 of the CPC, the powers of a Magistrate to authorize detention of an accused in custody, and the entitlement of the accused to bail after the expiry of the stipulated period of detention.

Ratio Decidendi: The court's decision was based on the interpretation of relevant provisions of the CPC, emphasizing the accused's right to claim bail after the expiry of sixty days from the date of arrest and the Magistrate's power of remand after taking cognizance of the offence under S. 309 of the CPC.

Final Decision: The petition was allowed, and the petitioners were directed to be enlarged on bail, with specific conditions during the pendency of the Sessions case.

( 1 ) THIS petition is directed against the order dated 10. 9. 1976 passed by the Principal Munsiff and JMFC, Athani, and In-charge Additional Munsiff and JMFC. . Athani, in CC. No. 650 of 1976 so far as it relates to rejection of the request of the petitioners, who were the accused in the said Criminal case, that they be enlarged on bail.

( 2 ) ON 19. 6. 1976, one Balappa Madappa Chavan and Malkappa Rachappa rotti, both of Telsang, were murdered and the murder was reported to Aigali Police Station. Crime No. 42 of 1976 was registered in the said police Station. Investigation commenced and on 22. 6. 1976 petitioners Nos. 1 2 4 5 7 10 13 and 14 were arrested. They were produced before the Magistrate on 23-6-1976. Petitioners Nos. 9 and 12 were arrested on 24-6-1976 and produced before the Magistrate on 25-6-1976. Petitioners Nos. 3, 6 and 11 were arrested on 4-7-1976 and produced before the Magistrate on 5-7-1976. Petitioners Nos. 8 and 15 were arrested on 8-7-1976 and produced before the magistrate on 9-7-1976. As and when the petitioners were produced before the Magistrate, the Magistrate passed orders of remand in exercise of his powers under S. 167 of the CPC. The last such order is dated 3-9-1976. By that order, 'the Magistrate remanded all the petitioners to judicial custody till 10-9-1976. On 8-9-1976, an application requesting that the petitioners be enlarged on bail mainly on the basis of proviso (a) to S. 167 (2) of the Crl. PC was filed. The Magistrate posted that application to 10-9-1976 and passed a composite order rejecting the request of the petitioners that they be enlarged on bail and committing the case for trial to the Court of Session under S. 209 of the CPC. In the course of the said order the Magistrate has slated that the charge-sheet in this case was filed by the Police on 6t9-1976 and he took cognizance of the offences on 6-9-1976 itself.

( 3 ) SHRI B. G. Naik, the learned Advocate appearing en behalf of the petitioners, attempted to contend on the basis of the different orders parsed by the Magistrate in the order-sheet, that in fact the charge-sheet had not been presented on 6-9-1976. This contention has to fail because of what is narrated by the Magistrate in the course of the order in question. As already pointed out, he has narrated that the charge-sheet was presented before him on 6-9-1976, that he initiated on it and that he took cognizance of the offences in question on 6-9-1976, itself. There is no reason to disbelieve what the Magistrate has stated in this behalf.

( 4 ) SHRI E. G. Najk nextly submitted that under S. 167 of the CPC the magistrate has powers to authorise detention in custody, during the pendency of the investigation for a period not beyond siixty days. The period of sixty days expired on 21-8-1976 in regard to petitioners Nos. 1 2 4 5 7 10 13 and 14; on 23-8-1976 in regard to petitioners Nos. 9 and 12; on 2-9-1976 so- far as petitioners Nos. 3 6 and 11 are concerned and on 6-9-1976 in regard to petitioners Nos. 8 and 15. On this basis, he urged that so far as petitioners nos. 1 to 7 and 9 to 14 are concerned, they were entitled to be enlarged on bail before 6-9-1976 and as such they had a right to claim to be enlarged on bail and therefore the Magistrate was wrong in rejecting their request. He relied on proviso (a) to S. 167 (2) of the Crlpc. On behalf of petitioners Nos. 8 and 15, he contended that even though the Magistrate had taken cognizance of the offences on 6-9-1976, the detention of these petitioners as well as the other petitioners, was illegal for the period between 6-9-76 and 10-9-76 and hence they are entitled to be enlarged on bail. He placed reliance on the decisions in Prem Raj v. The State of Rajasthan 1976 Crllj 455. , Khinvdan v. State of rajasthan 1975 Crllj 1984. and Natabar Panda v. State of Orissa 1975 Crllj 1212.

( 5 ) THE learned State Public Prosecutor contended that on the filing of the charge-sheet on 6-9-1976, the period of remand pending investigat











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