Karnataka High Court
M/s.Soore Detergents - Appellant
Versus
D.Mohanraj - Respondent
Decided On : 06-30-04
M.F.A. : 4435 of 2004
PASSING OFF - TEMPORARY INJUNCTION - [SUNDARI] - [COPYRIGHT ACT, 1957, SECTION 51], [TRADEMARKS ACT, 1999, SECTION 29], [CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE, ORDER 39 RULES 1 AND 2] - The court discussed the principles of passing off, the requirements for granting temporary injunction, and the essential features of the trade names. The court found that the defendant's use of the trade name [SOUNTHARI] was deceptively similar to the plaintiff's trade name [SUNDARI], causing confusion among customers. The court held that the plaintiff had made out a prima facie case of passing off and that the balance of convenience favored the plaintiff, granting a temporary injunction to restrain the defendants from passing off their detergent cakes bearing the trade mark [SOUNDARI] or any deceptive mark in Karnataka during the pendency of the suit.
Fact of the Case:
The plaintiff sought a permanent injunction against the defendants, alleging infringement of copyright in the label mark SUNDARI and passing off of their detergent goods. The plaintiff filed applications for temporary injunction, which were later vacated by the trial court. The plaintiff appealed, arguing that the trial court's order was capricious and arbitrary.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the defendant's use of the trade name [SOUNTHARI] was deceptively similar to the plaintiff's trade name [SUNDARI], causing confusion among customers. The court held that the plaintiff had made out a prima facie case of passing off and that the balance of convenience favored the plaintiff, granting a temporary injunction to restrain the defendants from passing off their detergent cakes bearing the trade mark [SOUNDARI] or any deceptive mark in Karnataka during the pendency of the suit.
Issues: The issues before the court were whether the order of the trial court dismissing the applications for temporary injunction called for interference, and what order should be passed in the appeals.
Ratio Decidendi: The court applied the principles of passing off, considering the deceptive similarity between the trade names [SUNDARI] and [SOUNTHARI], the likelihood of confusion among customers, and the balance of convenience in favor of the plaintiff. The court found that the plaintiff had made out a prima facie case of passing off and granted a temporary injunction to restrain the defendants from passing off their detergent cakes.
Final Decision: The court allowed the appeal, set aside the trial court's order, and granted a temporary injunction to restrain the defendants from passing off their detergent cakes bearing the trade mark [SOUNDARI] or any deceptive mark in Karnataka during the pendency of the suit. The court directed the trial court to dispose of the suit within nine months.
( 2 ) THE facts of the case in brief leading up to these appeals with reference to the rank of the parties before the trial court are as follow: the plaintiff filed a suit O. S. 1259/2004 against the defendants seeking for permanent injunction restraining the defendants by themselves, their partners, manufacturers, servants, licensees, agents, printers, carries and distributors or any one claiming under them from in any manner:"a) committing passing off their detergents goods bearing the label mark SOUNDARI as and for or being connected with the business of plaintiff by using deceptive similar mark in any modified form or by using the colour scheme or get up. b) committing infringement of copyright in the artistic work of plaintiffs label SUNDARI by distributing printing or cause to be printed the impugned label of the defendants SOUNDARI. c) from marketing and selling detergent goods under any deceptively similar name to that of SUNDARI in the State of Karnataka either directly or indirectly by violating the terms and conditions of the settlement Deed dated 8. 3. 2003 entered between the plaintiffs husband and first defendant; d) directing the defendants to surrender to the plaintiff all the unused labels, wrappers and other printed matters containing or consisting of the offending mark together with blocks used for the purpose of printing the same for destruction and costs. "
( 3 ) IN the said suit, the plaintiff filed IAS. I to III order 39 Rules 1 and 2 CPC. , seeking for an order of temporary injunction against the defendants in terms of the final relief sought for as per clauses (a) (b) and (c) referred to above. An order of exparte temporary injunction was granted on25. 2. 2004. After the appearance the defendants filed objections to the applications with the counter affidavit of the defendants and the trial court by its order dated 27. 5. 2004 vacated the ad-interim injunction granted on25. 2. 2004 and being aggrieved by the said common order on I. As. I to III the plaintiff is before this Court in this appeal.
( 4 ) I have heard the learned senior Counsel appearing for the plaintiff-appellant and the learned senior counsel appearing for the defendants-respondents and scrutinized the material on record.
( 5 ) IT is clear from the material on record that the plaintiff filed I. As. I to III for the above said reliefs of temporary injunction under order 39 Rules 1 and 2 CPC. , along with the affidavit of the Power of Attorney Holder of the plaintiff averring that the plaintiff is a proprietorship firm carrying on the business of manufacture and sale of detergent soaps and detergent powder under the labelmark SUNDARI. Originally the label mark SUNDAEI was being used by the plaintiffs husband viz. , D. Suyaraj along with his brother D. Mohanraj, who is first defendant herein under the name and style of Lakshimi Industries at No. 138, Sundakkamuthur Road, Comimbatore-641 026. Subsequently there were several changes in the constitution of the firm Lakshmi Industries. Finally, a settlement was effected on 8. 3. 1993 between the plaintiffs husband D. Suryaraj and the first defendant D. Mohanraj with regard to the continuous and simultaneous use of the label mark SUNDARI by both of them. Accordingly the plaintiffs husband D. Suryaraj is entitled to use the label mark SUNDARI in 17districts of the state of Tamilnadu including the entire State of Karnataka. The first defendant is entitled to use the label mark SUNDARI in the State of Tamilnadu including the entire state of Andhra Pradesh. Thereby the first defendant is not entitled to market the detergent cakes and powder under the label mark SUNDARI in the State of Karnataka by virtue of settlement deed dated 8. 3.
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