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2009 Supreme(Kar) 538

High Court of Karnataka
THE HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE ANAND BYRAREDDY
Saleem
Versus
Syed Yosuff & Others
H.R.R.P.No 118 of 2009 (EVI)
Decided on : 04-08-2009

Advocates appeared:
For the Petitioner:C.S. Prasanna Kumar, Advocate.
For the Respondents:Satyanarayana, Advocate.

Headnote:KARNATAKA RENT ACT, 2001 - Sections 43 & 45: [Anand Byrareddy,J] Dispute as to relationship of landlord and tenant - Object of Section 45 - Revision against rejection of Application filed by the petitioner denying jural relationship of landlord and tenant - Maintainability of revision without deposit of arrears of rent - Held, Having regard to the object of the Act, a person, who is arrayed as a respondent/tenant in an eviction petition is bound to pay the rent and continue to pay the same. The tenant seeking to raise the contention that there is no jural relationship of landlord and tenant is one of the defences that may be set up in contesting the petition. This does not preclude the tenant from making the deposit of rent. When the respondent who is held, prima-facie, to be a tenant, seeks to challenge that finding by way of a revision petition he would necessarily have to deposit the rent claimed. For otherwise, it would enable such a person to have the luxury of prosecuting the revision petition and possibly stalling further proceedings before the Trial Court, which is not the object of the Act. Further, The object of the Section 45 is to disentitle the person who is in occupation of the premises and who is said to be tenant from contesting any original petition or prosecuting a revision petition without depositing or paying the arrears of rent or the current rent. Therefore, there is no doubt that the petitioner is required to deposit the rents claimed by the landlord before the Trial Court in the event that he wants to prosecute the present revision petition. Revision is Dismissed as not maintainable.

Judgment :-

The present petition coming on for admission is heard at length in view of the petitioner not choosing to deposit the rent or arrears of rent prior to the presentation of the revision petition.

2. The facts giving rise to this petition are that the petitioner is the respondent in an eviction petition filed by the owner of the premises, who is none other than the father-in-aw of the respondent. It was this petitioner’s case before the trial Court, in which the eviction petition is pending, that there is no jural relationship of landlord and tenant. The trial Court having arrived at a finding that there exists a jural relationship of landlord and tenant, the petitioner seeks to prefer this revision petition.

3. The petitioner, however, has not chosen to deposit any arrears of rent. When the petitioner was called upon to deposit the arrears of rent, which the respondent-landlord seeks to claim as rent, the counsel for the petitioner contends that a plain reading of Section 45 of the Karnataka Rent Act, 1999, would not mandate that any such pre-deposit ought to be made in a revision petition being preferred before this Court under Section 46 of the Karnataka Rent Act, 1999, since, Section 45 prescribes that a tenant shall be in a position to contest the eviction petition or to prefer or prosecute a revision petition under Section 46 against the order made by the Court on an application under Section 27 alone and that since, the present revision petition is sought to be preferred against an order passed under Section 43, there is no requirement of the petitioner making any such pre-deposit in seeking to prosecute the revision petition. In this regard, the counsel for the petitioner would seek to place reliance on a judgment of the Supreme Court in the case of T.V. Usman .Vs. Food Inspector, Tellichery Municipaliy (AIR 1994 SC 1818) and in particular would seek to place reliance on the following passage therein:-

“In Craies” Statute Law, VIII Edn. at page 262 it is stated thus:

“It is the duty of courts of justice to try to get at the real intention of the legislature by carefully attending to the whole scope of the statute to be construed. That in each case you must look to the subject-matter, consider the importance of the provision and the relation of that provision to the general object intended to be secured by the Act, and upon a review of the case in that aspect decide whether the enactment is what is called imperative or only directory.”

The Counsel would also seek to place reliance on another decision, of this court in B. Chikkanna Vs. N. Narsingha Rao And Others (ILR 1996 KAR 2970) particularly paragraph 18, which reads as follows:

“18. It is rule of interpretation well established that, where the language of a statute, in its ordinary meaning and grammatical construction leads to a manifest contradiction of the apparent purpose of the enactment, or to some inconvenience or absurdity, hardship or injustice, presumably not intended, a construction may be put upon it which modifies the meaning of the words, and even the structure of the sentence (Maxwell’s Interpretation of Statutes, 10th Edition, P.229). The Court will interpret a statute as far as possible, agreeably to justice and reason and that in case of two or more interpretations, one which is more reasonable and just will be adopted, for there is always a presumption against the law maker un-intending injustice and unreason. The Court will avoid imputing to the Legislature an intention to enact a provision, which flouts notions of justice and norms of fair play, unless a contrary intention is manifest from words plain and unambiguous. A provision in a statute will not be construed to defeat is manifest purpose and general values which animate its structure. It is the duty of Courts to give effect to the meaning of an Act when the meaning can be fairly gathered from the words used, that is to say, if one construction will lead to an absurdity while another



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