IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT DHARWAD BENCH
JOHN MICHAEL CUNHA, J.
Husain Khan S/o Hashimsab Diddi Since Deceased By His Lrs. & Ors. - Appellants
Vs.
Jayanagar Co-Operative Housing Society Limited & Ors. - Respondents
Regular First Appeal No. 1557 of 2006 (DEC)
Decided On : 26-04-2018
SPECIFIC RELIEF ACT, 1963 [C.A. No. 47/1963] - Section 34 - Suit for declaration of title and possession - Agreement to sell - Seller denying handing over of possession to Society by relying upon endorsement on agreement - Endorsement written on back sheet of agreement and below endorsements of Registering Authority proving that endorsement existed at time of registration of subsequent agreement - Since possession is already handed over under previous agreement to sell, endorsement on subsequent agreement cannot take away possession of Society - Nowhere in body of subsequent agreement it is mentioned regarding non-handing over of possession to Society - Taxes on suit land paid by Society itself - Decree of Civil Court confirming possession of Society - Though Society not acquired title to suit property but proved to be in continuous possession from date of first sale agreement - Seller not entitled to relief.
CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE, 1908 [C.A. No. 5/1908] - Order 1, Rule 9 - SPECIFIC RELIEF ACT, 1963 [C.A. No. 47/1963] - Section 34 - Necessary party - Suit for declaration of title and possession - Agreement to sell between seller and Society - Society taking plea of non-joinder of members of Society as necessary party - Since title of property not vested in Society it could not allot plots to its members - None of member of Society having independent right, title or interest over suit property - Society not substantiating rights of so-called members of Society to come on record - Seller cannot be non-suited for non-joinder of necessary party.
SPECIFIC RELIEF ACT, 1963 [C.A. No. 47/1963] - Sections 34, 27 - Limitation for suit for declaration of title and possession - Seller filing suit after lapse of 4 years and 5 months - In suit for declaration of title and possession where principal and effective relief is for decree of possession, Article 65 would apply and not Article 58 - Right of Society to defend its possession not taken away by efflux of time - Simply because Society did not chose to enforce agreement to sell will neither render its possession illegal nor make it entitle to seek possession - Agreement to sell binding on seller and its legal heirs - Suit not barred by limitation.
INDIAN CONTRACT ACT, 1872 [C.A. NO. 9/1872] - Section 55 - Agreement to sell - Whether time is the essence of contract - Nothing mentioned in agreement to conclude that time was essence of contract - Time of completion of sale was to commence only after obtaining permission from concerned Authorities - Before obtaining requisite permission seller revoking Power of Attorney - Time cannot be said to be essence of contr-act.
This first appeal arises out of the judgment and decree dated 14.07.2006 passed by the Principal Civil Judge (Sr.Dn.), Hubballi in O.S.No.99/1998, whereby the suit filed by the predecessor of the appellants has been dismissed with costs.
2. The facts leading to the appeal are that the suit schedule property comprised in R.S.No.46/1 of Krishnapur, Hubballi measuring 2 acres 2 guntas was owned by the original plaintiff Sri. Hussainkhan, S/o. Hashimsab Diddi. He agreed to sell the same to the original defendant No.1- Jayanagar Co-operative Housing Society Limited, Diddi Oni, Hubballi, for a total consideration of Rs.44,001/- on 22.11.1983 and later the said agreement was registered on 23.02.1984. The subsequent developments have given rise to a long drawn litigation between the parties, which needs a detailed narration in order to comprehend the controversy in this appeal.
3. The case pleaded by the plaintiff is that, in terms of the aforesaid agreement of sale dated 23.02.1984, entered into between him and the defendant No.1 (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Society’) the plaintiff received a consideration of Rs.42,601/-. The balance consideration of Rs.1,400/- was agreed to be paid at the time of execution of the sale deed. As per the terms of the said agreement, defendant No.1 Society was required to obtain necessary exemptions, conversions and permission etc., from the competent authorities for transfer of the suit schedule property. The plaintiff undertook to sign necessary applications and petitions for the said purpose. In this regard, he executed a power of attorney authorizing defendant No.1 to attend to the said formalities. In the plaint, it was averred that the balance sale consideration was agreed to be paid within one year from the date of the agreement (such term in fact does not find place in the agreement), but defendant No.1 failed to obtain necessary exemptions from the competent authorities and also failed to pay the balance consideration amount as agreed. Hence, the plaintiff was constrained to repudiate the transaction and took steps for revocation of power of attorney by way of paper publication in ‘Samyuktha Karnataka’ daily newspaper dated 25.12.1993.
4. The further case of the plaintiff is that, in the month of December 1993, defendant No.1 and its office bearers colluding with their henchmen indulged in high handed activities by putting huts and structures in the suit schedule property and hence the plaintiff was constrained to file a suit for injunction in O.S.No.2/1994. In the said suit, the Hon’ble Court held that the possession of the suit schedule property was with defendant No.1 and consequently the interim applications filed by the plaintiff for injunction came to be rejected. The appeal preferred by the plaintiff in M.A.No.8/1994 on the file of the Addl. Civil Judge (Sr.Dn.), Hubballi, also came to be dismissed confirming the orders of the lower Court. Hence, the plaintiff sought leave of the Court to file a fresh suit on the same cause of action. The leave was granted by the III Addl. Civil Judge (Jr.Dn.), Hubballi, by order dated 23.01.1998. Accordingly, the plaintiff presented the above suit (O.S.No.99/1998) for relief of declaration that the alleged possession of the suit property by defendant No.1 or any other persons claiming through defendant No.1 is illegal and contrary to the provisions of law. Further, the plaintiff sought for declaration that he is entitled to get vacant and actual possession of the suit schedule property by removing the illegal structures.
5. On service of notice, defendant Nos.1 to 3 and 5 entered appearance through their counsel. Defendant No.4 though duly served, remained absent. On behalf of defendant Nos.1 and 5, written statement was filed and the same was adopted by third defendant. Second defendant also filed a detailed written statement on his behalf.
6. The sum and substance of the written statement submitted by defendant No.2 is that the description of
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