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2020 Supreme(Kar) 281

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA
B.A. Patil, J.
Prasanna Naidu - Appellant
Versus
State Of Karnataka And Another - Respondents
Criminal Petition No.808 of 2020
Decided On : 31-01-2020

Act Referred

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE : S.320, S.320(1), S.320(2), S.482
INDIAN PENAL CODE : S.324, S.326, S.384, S.452, S.504, S.506, S.511

Headnote

Quashing of Proceedings - Settlement - S.482 of Cr.P.C. - [ABUSE OF PROCESS OF LAW] - [CRIMINAL LITIGATION] - [S.482 of Cr.P.C.] - [Sections 452, 324, 326, 504, 506, 384 and 511 of IPC] - [The court discussed the principles laid down in J. Ramesh Kamath and Others v. Mohana Kurupt and Others, Gian Singh v. State of Punjab, Narinder Singh and others v. State of Punjab, and B.S. Joshi v. State of Haryana. The court emphasized that the power under S.482 of Cr.P.C. is not limited to quashing proceedings within the ambit and scope of S.320 of Cr.P.C. and can be based on settlements between private parties, particularly in cases with a civil flavor. The court also highlighted the distinction between compounding of offences under S.320 and quashing of criminal proceedings under S.482, and provided guidelines for quashing criminal proceedings when there is a settlement between the parties. The court applied these principles to the case and quashed the proceedings initiated against the petitioner/accused in C.C.No.27290/2018 pending on the file of 44th Additional Chief Metropolitan Magistrate, Bengaluru for the offences punishable under Sections 452, 324, 326, 504, 506, 384 and 511 of IPC.]

Fact of the Case:

The petitioner and respondent No.2 filed a joint affidavit for settling the matter between them, mentioning that the complaint was filed during the pendency of civil litigation. The respondent, son of the deceased complainant, agreed to withdraw the suit, and the joint affidavit was endorsed by their counsel.

Finding of the Court:

The court found that the complaint was filed during the pendency of civil litigation and converted into a criminal petition, which was considered an abuse of process of law. The court accepted the joint affidavit and quashed the proceedings initiated against the petitioner/accused for various offences under IPC.

Issues: The main issue was whether the court should exercise its power under Section 482 of Cr.P.C. to quash the criminal proceedings initiated against the petitioner/accused, considering the settlement between the parties and the abuse of process of law.

Ratio Decidendi: The court applied the principles laid down in various cases to determine the exercise of power under Section 482 of Cr.P.C. and the quashing of criminal proceedings based on settlements between private parties, particularly in cases with a civil flavor. The court emphasized the distinction between compounding of offences under Section 320 and quashing of criminal proceedings under Section 482, and provided guidelines for quashing criminal proceedings when there is a settlement between the parties.

Final Decision: The court allowed the petition and quashed the proceedings initiated against the petitioner/accused in C.C.No.27290/2018 pending on the file of 44th Additional Chief Metropolitan Magistrate, Bengaluru for the offences punishable under Sections 452, 324, 326, 504, 506, 384 and 511 of IPC, in accordance with the joint affidavit filed by the parties.

Advocates Appeared:
Sri. Gireesha J.T., Advocate, for the Appellant; Sri. H.R. Showri, HCGP, for the Respondent No. 1; Sri. Akki Manjunath Gowda, Advocate, for the Respondent No. 2

JUDGMENT

1. The petitioner/accused - Sri.Prasanna Naidu s/o Subbarama Naidu is present along with his counsel. Learned High Court Government Pleader for respondent No.1-State is also present before this Court and respondent No.2 - Sri.C.Satish Chandra S/o late Chikkana Naik is present. By waving the notice, Sri. Akki Manjunath Gowda, learned counsel files power to respondent No.2. The same is placed on record.

2. Today, they have filed a joint affidavit for having amicably settled the matter between them. In the said joint affidavit, it has been specifically mentioned that the complaint was filed during the pendency of civil litigation in O.S.No.7860/2017 before the City Civil and Sessions Judge, Bengaluru. Since the original complainant-Sri. Chikkanna Naik has expired, the second respondent is his son and he is staying in U.S.A and the parties have come to a conclusion to resolve the entire disputes between them and the respondent has undertaken to withdraw the suit in O.S.No.7860/2017.

3. Respondent No.2 who is present before the Court submits that he has no objection to allow the petition and to quash the proceedings.

4. The joint affidavit has been signed by the petitioner/accused and respondent No.2/complainant and the same has been endorsed by their counsel.

5. The said joint affidavit has been placed on record.

6. At this juncture, it is worth to mention here itself a decision of the Honble Apex Court in the case of J. Ramesh Kamath and Others v. Mohana Kurupt and Others, reported in (2016) 12 SCC 179 , wherein the Honble Apex Court has laid down certain principles as to under what circumstances the Court can quash the proceedings or compound the offences even in respect of a non-compoundable offences, wherein it has been held as under:-

'Held, power vested in High Court under S.482 is not limited to quashing proceedings within ambit and scope of S.320 of Cr.P.C., - In Gian Singh, (2012) 10 SCC 303 , it was clearly expounded that quashing of criminal proceedings under S.482 of Cr.P.C., could also be based on settlements between private parties, and could also be on a compromise between the offender and victim Only that, the above power did not extend to crimes against the society Further, jurisdiction vested in High Court under S.482 Cr.P.C., for quashing criminal proceedings was held to be exercisable in criminal cases having an overwhelming and pre-dominatingly civil flavour, particular offences arising from commercial, financial, mercantile, civil, partnership, or such like transactions, or even offences arising out of matrimony relating to dowry, etc., or family disputes where wrong is basically private or personal. In all such cases, parties should have resolved their entire dispute by themselves, mutually.'

7. The Honble Apex Court has reiterated the principles of law laid down in the case of Gian Singh v. State of Punjab and another reported in (2012) 10 SCC 303 , wherein it has been observed that the Court can exercise the power under Section 482 of Cr.P.C. depending upon the facts and circumstances of each case and compound the offence. In the case of Narinder Singh and others v. State of Punjab and another reported in (2014) 6 SCC 466 , it has been observed as under:

'8. We find that there are cases where the power of the High Court under Section 482 of the Code to quash the proceedings in those offences which are uncompoundable has been recognized. The only difference is that under Section 320(1) of the Code, no permission is required from the Court in those cases which are compoundable though the Court has discretionary power to refuse to compound the offence. However, compounding under Section 320(1) of the Code is permissible only in minor offences or in non-serious offences. Likewise, when the parties reach settlement in respect of offences enumerated in Section 320(2) of the Code, compounding is permissible but it requires the approval of the Court. Insofar as serious offences are concerned, quashing of c

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