IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA
M.G. Uma, J.
Daiyakku – Appellant
Versus
Khatijamma – Respondent
Regular Second Appeal No. 1169 of 2017 (INJ)
Decided On : 27-12-2022
possession - property - Ex.D1, Article 65 of the Limitation Act, 1963 - The plaintiff sought perpetual injunction restraining the defendants from interfering with the peaceful possession and enjoyment of the schedule property. The defendants claimed ownership and possession of the property based on a registered sale deed (Ex.D1) executed by the plaintiff's husband and children. The plaintiff sought to amend the plaint to include an alternative prayer for possession of the property, which was sought 29 years after the date of Ex.D1. The court dismissed the appeal, holding that the plaintiff lost possession long back and is not entitled to permanent injunction against the defendants who are in actual possession of the property.
Fact of the Case:
The plaintiff sought perpetual injunction against the defendants, claiming ownership and possession of the schedule property. The defendants claimed ownership and possession based on a registered sale deed executed by the plaintiff's husband and children.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the plaintiff lost possession long back and is not entitled to permanent injunction against the defendants who are in actual possession of the property.
Issues: The issues included whether the plaintiff proves possession of the property, alleged interference by the defendants, and entitlement for permanent injunction.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the plaintiff's claim for possession, sought 29 years after the date of the registered sale deed, is barred by limitation and cannot be permitted. The plaintiff's loss of possession and the defendants' actual possession were key factors in the court's decision.
Final Decision: The court dismissed the appeal, confirming the judgment and decree of the trial court and the first appellate court.
JUDGMENT/ORDER
1. The plaintiff has preferred this appeal impugning the judgment and decree dtd. 30/7/2013 passed in O.S.No.1011/2010 on the file of the learned III Additional Civil Judge and JMFC, Mangalore, D.K. (hereinafter referred to as 'the trial Court' for brevity) dismissing the suit of the plaintiff filed for permanent injunction which was confirmed vide judgment and decree dtd. 13/2/2017 passed in R.A.No.131/2013 on the file of the learned III Additional Senior Civil Judge and JMFC, Mangaluru, D.K. (hereinafter referred to as 'First Appellate Court' for brevity).
2. For the sake of convenience, parties are referred to as per their status and rank before the Trial Court.
3. Brief facts of the case are that the plaintiff sought for perpetual injunction restraining the defendants from interfering with the peaceful possession and enjoyment of the schedule property i.e., the vacant site measuring 10 cents in Sy.No.79/5A situated at Kotekar Village, Mangalore Taluk. It is the contention of the plaintiff that total extent of 35 cents in Sy.No.79/5A was purchased by her and her husband late Ramayya Shetty, under the sale deed dtd. 28/10/1960. The husband of the plaintiff released his half share over the property under release/settlement deed dtd. 15/10/1966 in favour of plaintiff. Thus, the plaintiff is the absolute owner in possession of the schedule property. It is contended that due to some internal dispute with her husband, plaintiff started residing separately along with her son and at that time, the father of the defendants Sri. U.P.Arabi kunhi in collusion with the husband of plaintiff concocted certain documents in respect of the schedule property. However, the said documents were not acted upon to mutate the names of the defendants. When the plaintiff applied for mutation of her name in the revenue records, it is brought to her notice that the mutation was affected only in respect of 18.75 cents. She came to know about the order passed by the Tahsildhar, Mangalore Taluk on 23/6/2010, where the defendants have applied for mutating their names in the revenue records. As per order dtd. 13/4/2010, the Assistant Commissioner, Mangalore Sub-Division, ordered for mutation of the name of the defendants said to be on the basis of the sale deed executed by the husband of plaintiff. It is contended that the husband of the plaintiff had no right over the schedule property to sell the same in favour of the defendants' father. It is stated that the defendants are trying to interfere with the possession and enjoyment of the schedule property by the plaintiff. Therefore, she filed the suit for perpetual injunction restraining the defendants and their men from interfering with her possession and enjoyment of the schedule property.
4. The defendants have appeared before the Court and defendant No.7 filed the written statement contending that 35 cents of land in Sy.No.79/5A was originally belonging to Ramaiah and Devaki under sale deed dtd. 28/10/1960. Later Ramayya Shetty along with his children Smt. Nalini, Jagannath and Smt. Mallika sold 10 cents of the land in favour of U.P.Arabi Kunhi under the sale deed dtd. 6/10/1988. After the death of U.P.Arabi Kunhi, the defendants who are his children came in possession and enjoyment of the property. Thus, it is contended that the defendants are the owners in possession of the 10 cents of the property. It is also contended that the plaintiff was absconding when Ramayya Shetty along with his children executed the sale deed in favour of defendants' father. Her whereabouts were not known for more than 25 years. Therefore, thinking that she is dead, the sale deed was came to be executed in respect of 10 cents of land. Another 15 cents of land was sold in favour of a third party, who put-up a house over the said property. The plaintiff has not challenged the sale deed in respect of the said 15 cents of land.
5. Further, the defendant denied execution of the settlement deed dtd. 15/10/1966 said to
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The plaintiff's claim for possession, sought 29 years after the date of the registered sale deed, is barred by limitation and cannot be permitted.
A suit for permanent injunction is not maintainable when the defendant raises a genuine dispute regarding the plaintiff's title, and the plaintiff fails to prove lawful possession.
A suit for permanent injunction, without seeking a declaration of title, is not maintainable when ownership is disputed; a comprehensive claim is required to address possession and title.
The central legal point established in the judgment is the importance of valid documentation and unchallenged possession in establishing ownership rights, as well as the requirement for legal challen....
The judgment emphasizes the importance of documentary evidence in establishing possession and entitlement to property, and the burden of proof on the party contesting such claims.
Suit filed for perpetual injunction by plaintiff, when there is cloud over title is not maintainable.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that a plaintiff cannot claim injunction against the true owner without lawful possession and title.
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