IN THE HIGH COURT OF BOMBAY
Shah, J.
Appellants: Suratsing Chandanmal Oswal
Vs.
Respondent: Gulabchand Lachmandas Pardesi
A.F.A.A. No. 886 of 1960 with Second Appeal No. 887 of 1960 Decided On: 20.11.1962
Counsels:
For Appellant/Petitioner/Plaintiff: G.M. Joshi, Adv.
For Respondents/Defendant: R.W. Adik, Adv.
LIMITATION ACT - ARTICLE 182 - EXECUTION OF DECREE - APPEAL AGAINST ORDER FIXING MESNE PROFITS - NOT AN APPEAL AGAINST EXECUTABLE DECREE - TIME TAKEN UP IN PROSECUTION OF SUCH APPEAL CANNOT BE DEDUCTED.
Fact of the Case:
Plaintiff filed a suit for possession of an immovable property in 1932. The suit resulted in a decree in 1933. The defendant appealed against the decree, but the appeal was dismissed in 1935. The defendant then filed an application for review of the order dismissing the appeal, but that application was also dismissed in 1936. In execution of the decree, the plaintiff recovered possession of the property in 1949. A few days later, he made an application to the trial Court for ascertainment of mesne profits from 1932 to 1949. The application was amended in 1951 to indicate that the mesne profits were prayed for from 1932 and for a period of three years subsequent to the final disposal of the appeal by the District Court. The Court passed an order in 1953 fixing the mesne profits for a period of three years from the date of dismissal of the appeal. The plaintiff filed an appeal against the order, which was dismissed in 1955. The plaintiff also filed an application for review of the order, which was dismissed in 1957. The plaintiff then filed a darkhast for execution of the decree in 1957. The defendant contended that the darkhast was barred by time, since the decree was deemed to have been passed in 1953. The Executing Court held that the application was not barred by time, since the plaintiff was entitled to the deduction of time taken up by the appeal and also by a prior darkhast. The defendant appealed to the District Court, which reversed the order of the Executing Court and held that the application was barred by time. The plaintiff filed a second appeal to the High Court.
Finding of the Court:
The High Court held that the appeal against the order fixing the mesne profits was not an appeal against an executable decree, and therefore, the time taken up in the prosecution of the appeal could not be deducted while computing the period of limitation for the darkhast. The Court also held that the darkhast was barred by time, since it was filed more than three years after the date of the decree.
Issues: Whether the time taken up in the prosecution of an appeal against an order fixing mesne profits can be deducted while computing the period of limitation for an application for execution of the decree.
Ratio Decidendi: Article 182 of the Limitation Act provides that the period of limitation for an application for execution of a decree shall start from the date of the decree, and in case an appeal has been filed from that decree, from the date of the final decree of the Court of Appeal in that appeal. The decree contemplated in Article 182 is an executable decree. An appeal against an order fixing mesne profits is not an appeal against an executable decree, because such an order does not create an executable decree. Therefore, the time taken up in the prosecution of such an appeal cannot be deducted while computing the period of limitation for an application for execution of the decree.
Final Decision: The High Court dismissed the second appeal and upheld the order of the District Court.
1. On 13th April 1932, one Chandanmal Jasraj filed suit No. 472 of 1932 for possession of an immoveable property and for past and future mesne profits. The suit resulted in a decree, which was passed on 9th September 1933. The defendant filed an appeal against that decree, but that appeal was dismissed on 27th November 1935, as having abated on account of the heirs of the plaintiff, who had died in the meantime, not having been brought on record. The defendant thereafter filed an application for review of the order dismissing the appeal but that application was also dismissed on 8th June 1936. In execution of the decree, Suratsing, the adopted son of the deceased plaintiff Chandanmal, recovered possession of the property on 13th March 1949. A few days thereafter, i. e. on 8th April 1949, he made an application to the trial Court for ascertainment of the inesne profits from 13th April 1932, i. e. the day on which the suit was filed till 13th March 1949, when possession of the property in question was recovered by him. It appears that in this application Suratsing had omitted to mention the fact that the defendant had filed an appeal against the decree in the suit. Suratsing accordingly filed an application on 18th January 1951 for amendment of the aforesaid application so as to incorporate the date of the dismissal of the appeal by the defendant. Somehow or the other, however, the amendment of the application, which was granted on 3rd February 1951, was not properly carried out. In other words, apart from other things, the date 13th April 1932, which had appeared in the application was scored out and instead the date 27th November 1935 was, substituted in its place. This amendment does not seem to have been noticed by Suratsingh for about two years. On nth February, 1953, after he came to know of the errors in the amendments made in the main application, Suratsing filed another application for amending the main application so as to indicate that the mesne profits that were prayed for were from 13th April, 1932, on which date the suit for possession was filed and for a period of three years subsequent to the final disposal of the appeal by the District Court; This application was granted by the Court. But it appears that no further amendment of the main application was carried out in pursuance of the order. On 24th July, 1953, the application for ascertainment of mesne profits was heard by the Court and by an order made on that day, the mesne profits were fixed for a period of three years at the rate of Rs. 25/- per month from 27th November, 1935, to 27th November, 1938. (It may be remembered that it was on 27th November, 1935, that the appeal, which was filed by the defendant against the decree, was dismissed by the Court). The order further directed that the decree in terms thereof shall be drawn up on Suratsingh paying the necessary Court fees in respect of the amount awarded to him as mesne profits. Being aggrieved by this order, it appears, Suratsing filed an application, Exhibit 63-A, on the game day praying that the order be reviewed and it may be corrected so as to allow mesne profits also from the date of the suit, i. e., 13th April, 1932. Sometime after this application was filed, Suratsing also filed an appeal against the order dated 24th July, 1953, being appeal No. 406 of 1953, in the District Court. This appeal was dismissed on 5th January, 1955, on the ground that since no executable decree was drawn up on account of the plaintiff hawing failed to pay the necessary Court fee for the amount of mesne profits, that was ascertained by the Court by its order dated 24th July, 1953, and the appeal was not from such decree, the appeal was not maintainable. The application, Exhibit 63-A, on the other hand was also dismissed on 22nd April, 1957. The reason for dismissing this application as given by the learned joint Civil Judge, Junior Division Ahmednagar, was that it was Suratsing himself, who had failed to carry
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