1999 Supreme(Bom) 171
IN THE HIGH COURT OF BOMBAY
T.K. Chandrashekhara Das, J.
Shri Shashikant Shamrao Mane others..... Petitioners.
Versus
Shri Atmaram Yallappa Shewale another ..... Respondents.
Writ Petition No. 2799 of 1993, decided on 6-3-1999.
Advocates appeared :
A.A. Kumbhakoni, for the petitioners.
M.R. Katikar, for respondent.
Headnote:Order XXII, Rule 4 and Specific Relief Act, Sections 12 and 21-Agreement to sell premises - Death of vendor before filing suit for specific performance-Suit filed against his legal representatives for specific performance of agreement and for damages-Death of one of the defendants during pendency of suit - No legal representatives of the deceased defendant brought on record-No abatement of suit in entirety as Section 21 of Specific Relief Act will apply as claim made was also for damages.-A suit for specific performance of contract and in the alternative for damages, was filed against the legal representatives of the deceased vendor who had died before the filing of the suit. On the death of one of the defendants it was contended that on failure to bring on record the legal representatives of the deceased defendant the entire suit had abated. The contention having been rejected by the trial Court, writ petition was filed challenging the said order.
Held, that on examination of the plaint it is seen that the suit is not merely for specific performance of the contract but it is for damages also. Therefore, Section 12 of the Specific Relief Act will not apply. Instead Section 21 of the Specific Relief Act will apply. Therefore, contention that if one defendant dies, the contract is indivisible and no decree can be passed, cannot be accepted. Since the estate of deceased was represented by other defendants, the suit did not abate against all the defendants.
Section 12-ApplicabilitySuit for specific performance of contract as well as for damages-Section 12 of S.R. Act not applicable-Thus where deceased-defendant not substituted by his legal representatives, suit would not abate against remaining defendants.
2.I heard Counsel for the petitioner Mr. Kumbhakoni and Mr. Katikar for respondents.
3.The suit was filed by the plaintiff for specific performance of the contract and also in the alternative for damages. The property belongs to one Mahadeo, father of defendant Nos. 2 to 5. Defendant No. 1 is power of attorney holder of defendant No. 2 to 5. The aforesaid Mahadeo executed the suit agreement to sell the suit premises on 16-3-1979. Before filing suit, Mahadeo died and his legal representatives impleaded as defendant Nos. 2 to 5. During the pendency of the suit, defendant No. 2(4) who is unmarried daughter died and no legal representatives were impleaded. Therefore, suit against defendant No. 2(4) abates. The contention of the learned Counsel for petitioner Mr. Kumbhakoni is that the suit is being for specific performance of the contract it is indivisible that one of the defendant died but no legal representatives are brought on record and suit abates on the existing defendants. This contention was rightly rejected by the Court below. Mr. Kumbhakoni cited various decisions before me. He cited, (Ramagya Prasad Gupta v. Murli Prasad Gupta)1, A.I.R. 1972 S.C. 1181, (Smt. Sushilabai Nagesh Chandorkar v. State of Maharashtra,)2, A.I.R. 1975 Bom. 106, (Yethirajulla Neekyya v. Mudumuru Ramaswami)3,A.I.R. 1973, A.P. 58, (Knsunakant v. Sy. Charity Commissioner,)4, 1990 M.L.J. 907, (Dwarka Prasad Singh v. Harikant Prasad Singh)5, A.I.R. 1973 S.C. 655, (Union of India v. Bhagaban Rout,)6, A.I.R. 1967 Ori. 100. On going through all the decisions, all these decisions speaks about the indivisibility of the contract and whether under section 12 of the Specific Relief Act, the suit abates against other defendants.
4.I find that on the facts and circumstances of the case, this argument has to be rejected. On examination of the plaint it is seen as I observed earlier, that the suit is not merely for specific performance of the contract but it is for damages also. Therefore, section 12 of the Specific Relief Act, will not apply. Instead section 21 of the Specific Relief Act will apply. Therefore, contention of the learned Counsel Mr. Kumbhakoni that if one defendant dies the contract is indivisible and no decree can be passed cannot be accepted. Learned Counsel for respondent Mr. Katikar brought to my notice a decision of the Supreme Court in (Mahabir Prasad v. Jage Ram and others)7, reported in 1971 S.C. 742. In that decision it has been held that if other legal representatives are already on record and even if one L.R. dies entire suit does not abate. The said suit abates only against deceased L.R. Moreover, Supreme Court in (Bhurey Khan v. Yaseen Khan (Dead) by LRs. and others)8, reported in 1995 Suppl. (3) S.C.C. 331 has held that since the suit of deceased can be represented by other defendant, then the suit should not have been abated. In paragraph No. 4 the Supreme Court has observed thus:
"We have heard the learned Counsel for the parties. After the order dismissing the appeal for non-prosecution was set aside by this Court, the parties were relegated to the position as it stood earlier, namely, that the substitution application filed by the appellant for bringing on record the legal representatives to whom the notices were issues stood dismissed. But that could not furnish valid ground for abating