IN THE HIGH COURT OF BOMBAY
(NAGPUR BENCH)
J.N. Patel S.G. Mahajan, JJ.
Sumitra w/o Shriram Pimpalkar (Sau.) .... Appellant.
Versus
State of Maharashtra.... Respondent.
Criminal Appeal No. 299 of 1994, decided on 1-12-1999.
Advocates appeared :
Sudeep Jaiswal, for the appellant.
Mrs. N.S. Jog, A.P.P., for the respondent/State.
-Section 84-Object purpose and applicability.- The very object and purpose of Section 84 of the Indian Penal Code is based on the fundamental principle of criminal law that mens rea (guilty mind) is an essential element in every offence and no crime can be said to have been committed if the mind of the person doing the act is not guilty. If the accused was of unsound mind at the time of commission of act; and by reason of unsoundness of mind; the accused was incapable of knowing the nature of the act or that he was doing so contrary to law then it cannot be said to be an offence as covered by Section 84 of the Indian Penal Code. In order to appreciate as to what is unsoundness of mind, one can safely classify persons as to be non compas mentis (not of sound mind), falling in the category of (1) and idiot; (2) one made non compas by illness; (3).a lunatic or madman; and (4) a drunkard, i.e. one who is drunk.
Sections 84, 302 and 307-Accused mother alleged to have committed heinous offence of killing her two minor children by throwing them into the well and attempting to kill third child and end her own life by taking the said child in her arms and jumping herself in the well Evidence on record showed that the accused, who otherwise was a devoted mother, was suffering from illness and had committed the offence by reason of unsoundness of mind-Conduct of accused also dearly indicated that she did not have the requisite mens rea to commit the offence-Accused acquitted of charge of having committed offences under Sections 302 and 307 of the Indian Penal Code-Case was squarely covered by Section 84 of the Indian Penal Code. AIR 1971 SC 778; 1973 Cri LJ 110; 1981 Cri LJ 1005; AIR 1972 SC 2443; 1986 Cri LJ 1222-Referred; 1991 Cri LJ 2219-Referred.
2. The appellant is the mother of the two small children who are alleged to have been killed by her by throwing them into the well; and the third one whom, she attempted to kill by taking her in arms and jumping herself in the well and in the transaction made an attempt to commit suicide. These children are born to her from Shriram s/o Letu Pimpalkar (P.W. 1) out of the wedlock. The eldest child being a son by name Balya, aged 5 years; the next being a daughter Ku. Mangla, aged 3 years and the third and the youngst of them being daughter Ramla, who was delivered just two months before the incident. The appellant belongs to labour class and the income of the family was out of labour. According to the prosecution, after delivering the girl child, viz., Ramla, the appellant who was not keeping well and was staying at her house.
3. The appellant alongwith her family was residing at village Lokhand Bardi, Kolam Pod in Yavatmal district and the incident is alleged to have occured at a well situated in the nala of Lokhand Bardi. On or about 18-12-1992, the husband of the appellant Shriram Pimpalkar and mother-in-law Bainabai (P.W. 1 and 8 respectively) had gone to work alongwith other labourers, leaving the children Balya, Ku. Mangla and Ramla with the appellant. One Shantabai w/o Chandrabhan Rampure (P.W. 6), who had gone to fetch the water from the well, saw the appellant throwing her son-Balya and daughter-Mangla in the well and after throwing Balya and Mangla, she too jumped in the well alongwith her another daughter Ramla, on which, Shantabai started shouting. On hearing the shouts, Ramkrishna s/o Suryabhan Debur (P.W. 3) who was first to reach the site, was informed that one woman has jumped into the well. On seeing the woman sinking in the well he jumped into the well, caught her and brought her out of the well. He has also noticed one small girl child floating in the water. By that time, the other witnesses, viz. Tukaram s/o Kejya Ghotekar (P.W. 2), who happens to be the father of the appellant has also reached the scene of offence and jumped into the well and saved the younger daughter of the appellant, who was floating in the water and took her out. By this time, Bainabai (P.W. 8) mother-in-law of the appellant, had also reached the place of incident, on hearing the shouts that the appellant Sumitra had fallen into the well, followed by Shriram Pimpalkar (P.W. 1) husband of the appellant alongwith others. P.W. 1 Shriram Pimpalkar lodged a report with police station, Yavatmal city about the incident. The police reached the spot. In the presence of panchas, the police prepared Inquest panchanama (Exhibit-19) of the dead bodies of Balya, which is at Exhibit-18 and that of Ku. Mangla (Exhibit-19); in the presence of the panchas. The dead bodies of the children Balya and Mangla were then sent for post mortem examination. The police prepared the panchanama of the spot of occurrence in the presence of panchas at Exhibit-27. The police also seized the clothes of Balya and Mangla, under seizure panchanama, (Exhibit-23) which were brought from the hospital, and rec
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