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2005 Supreme(Bom) 833

IN THE HIGH COURT OF BOMBAY
Bhaurao Ambadas Kasar
Versus
Vinod Ramdas Kasar
Decided on 5.7.2005

Headnote:Easements Act, 1882 - Section 13(e) - Easement of necessity - When may be inferred. - Bare reading of the provisions of clauses (e) and (f) of Section 13 of the Easements Act, it would reveal that; if the partition of the joint family property is made amongst several persons and if an easement over the share of one of them is necessary for enjoying the share of another of them, the latter shall be entitled to such easement or if such an easement is apparent and continuous and necessary for enjoying the share of the latter as it was enjoyed when the partition took effect, he shall, unless a different intention is expressed or necessarily implied, be entitled to such easement. The case of the plaintiff has been covered by clause (e) to Section 13 of the Easements Act because by virtue of the partition deed, the plaintiff’s father acquired the right of easement on 1.1.1949 and he continued to enjoy the same. It is not the case of defendants that any other lane is available for getting light and air to the house of the plaintiff and also for entering into the house of the plaintiff, therefore, by virtue of clause (e) of Section 13, the right of easement granted in the partition deed and user of the said easement would be necessary for enjoying the share of the plaintiff and in such circumstances, it is apparent that the easement acquired by the plaintiff is an easement of necessity, and therefore, in such circumstances, no substantial question of law is involved in this appeal. There is no merit in the appeal, the same is devoid of any substance and as such it stands dismissed with no costs.

       Easements Act, 1882 - Section 47 - Relinquishment of right - Non-use by itself for more than 20 years - Suit of plaintiff was barred - There is no extinction of right in such a case.

Judgment

( 1 ) INVOKING the jurisdiction of this Court under section 100 of the Code of civil Procedure, the appellant-defendants have filed this second appeal challenging the judgment and decree dated 5-12-1986 passed by the District Judge in Regular Civil Appeal no. 25/1986, whereby the appeal has been partly allowed and the judgment and decree passed by the trial Court is set aside and the defendants arc restrained from disturbing the use of the lane of the present width (of which location is shown in schedule C) up to the extent of 35 feet from the northern end towards south and further restrained from constructing or committing any act that would offend the plaintiffs right to use the lane over the aforesaid 35 feet part of the lane.

( 2 ) BRIEF facts are required to be stated as under. : the plaintiff and defendants are from the same family and they owned ancestral property which was the subject matter of the partition. The partition deed dated 01/1/1949 (Exh. 63) was reduced into writing. The father of the plaintiff and each brother got separate share in the property. The father of the plaintiff got a building. To the east of the plaintiff's house there is lane. The width of the lane is about 2 or 21/2 ft. and length along south-north is about 100 or 140 ft. The aforesaid lane was kept open for the use of the plaintiff and defendant No. 1 and the plaintiff was given right to keep doors and windows and also to let the rain water flow through this lane. Later on 5- 9-1969 there was partition between the plaintiff and his father and the property in question came to the share of the plaintiff. The right of user of aforesaid lane available to the plaintiff's father and subsequently to the plaintiff was limited to descendants from the family of the plaintiff. The plaintiff claimed that the defendants started encroaching upon the land and some southern portion of the land came to be occupied in spite of protest. Ultimately, the southern end of the lane came to be totally blocked and to some extent there was some construction also in the lane. Almost half the land thus came to be covered by the construction till March, 1983. The defendants had also closed the north entrance of the land and had started raising pillars, and therefore, the plaintiff was constrained to file the suit for perpetual injunction restraining the defendants from making any construction in the said lane.

( 3 ) THE defendants contended that since prior to 1975-76, the portion of land had been covered by a slab and half of the portion from the southern side of the lane has almost been blocked by raising construction and thus the entry from that side is closed since about 1957, and therefore, the right of easement has been extinguished as it has not been enjoyed continuously for the statutory period of twenty years prior to the institution of the suit, and therefore, the suit is barred by limitation.

( 4 ) THE trial Court on appreciation of the evidence dismissed the suit and held that the suit has been barred by limitation as the plaintiff has failed to establish continuous user for the statutory period of twenty years. Being aggrieved by the judgment and decree passed by the trial Court, the plaintiff carried appeal to the District Court. The learned District Judge on re-appreciation of the evidence and considering the law position has allowed the appeal partly and restrained the defendants from disturbing the user of the land of the width up to the extent of 35 ft. from the northern end towards south and further restrained from making any construction or committing any act that would offend the plaintiff's right to use the lane over the aforesaid 35 ft. part of the lane. This judgment and decree passed by the appellate Court is challenged in this second appeal.

( 5 ) MR. Chandurkar, learned counsel for the defendants pointed out that in view of section 47 of the Indian Easements Act, 1872 (for short, the Act), the right of easement has been extinguished by











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