IN THE HIGH COURT OF BOMBAY
(R.M. Lodha and J.P. Devadhar, JJ.)
THANE JANATA SAHAKARI BANK LTD. - Petitioner
V.
COMMISSIONER OF SALES TAX, MUMBAI and others – Respondent
Advocates appeared
For petitioner: R. S. Apte with M. V. Limaye
For respondents: Vinay Sonpal, Assistant Government Pleader
Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 - Section 1 - Object of the Act. - The Securitisation Act came into effect from 17th December, 2002. Inter alia the object for enactment of the said Act is to empower the bank and financial institutions in India to take possession of securities and sell them without pursuing the cumbersome legal remedy provided in the Civil Procedure Code or for that matter the special remedy provided under Recovery of Debts due to Banks and Financial Institutions Act, 1993. The necessity of enactment of the Securitisation Act arose as the legislature found that legal framework relating to commercial transactions has not kept pace with the changing commercial practices and financial sector reforms.
Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 - Section 35 - Bombay Sales Tax Act (60 of 1959), Section 38-C - Section 35 of the Securitisation Act does not override Section 38-C of the Bombay Sales Tax Act - Based on Section 35, the Bank does not get precedence over the Bank’s charge based on contract. - The Bombay Sales Tax Act and the Securitisation Act have been enacted by the competent legislatures for different purposes and operates in different fields. The Bombay Sales Tax Act is enacted by the State Legislature under Entry 54 of List II in the Seventh Schedule for levy of tax on the sale or purchase of certain goods in the State of Bombay (now State of Maharashtra). On the other hand, the Securitisation Act has been enacted by the Parliament under Entry 54 of List I for regulating the securitisation and reconstruction of financial assets and for enforcement of security interest. There is neither any conflict in these two Acts nor Section 38-C of the Bombay Sales Tax Act can be said to be inconsistent with Section 35 of the Securitisation Act. The area of operation is entirely different and there is no overlapping anywhere. The Bombay Sales Tax Act provides for first charge in respect of the sales tax liability over the property of dealer or the concerned person and that statutory first charge (in the absence of any other statutory first charge created in favour of the Bank) has precedence over the bank’s charge based on contractual mortgage. Section 35 of the Securitisation Act has no effect whatsoever in the operation of Section 38-C of the Bombay Sales Tax Act. Section 35 of the Securitisation Act does not override Section 38-C of the Bombay Sales Tax Act and, therefore, based on Section 35 of the Securitisation Act, the Bank does not get precedence or for that matter priority over the statutory first charge under Section 38-C of the Bombay Sales Tax Act. Rather the statutory first charge under Section 38-C of the Bombay Sales Tax Act has precedence over the Bank’s charge based on contract. In the present case, before the process was initiated by the Bank under Section 13 of the Act by issuance of notice dated 20th December, 2004, the sales tax authorities had already attached the properties of the company for the recovery of sales tax dues. Despite the recovery process for outstanding sales tax dues having been initiated by the sales tax authorities who had a first charge under Section 38-C of the Bombay Sales Tax Act, the Bank in grossly illegal manner proceeded under Section 13 of the Securitisation Act and sold the property of the company for recovery of its outstanding dues. The action of the Bank is wholly illegal and unauthorised. Therefore, the petitioner Bank is directed to deposit the sale proceeds recovered in auction of the properties of the company, with the respondent No. 2 within four weeks. (1995) 2 SCC 19 and Janata Sahakari Bank Ltd. W.P. No. 639 of 2005 decided on 23.6.2006, Ref.
R. M. LODHA, J. : - On 5th December, 2005, the Court observed considering the controversy involved, and that may arise in other matters as w writ petition needs to be heard and disposed of at the admission stage, accordingly, heard the counsel for the parties for final disposal of the petition.
2. The Thane J anata Sahakari Bank Limited is a scheduled co - opera bank incorporated under the Maharashtra Co - operative Societies Act, 1960 an in the banking business. For the sake of convenience, we shall refer the petition as the Bank hereinafter. One M/s Charishma Cosmetics Pvt. Ltd. (for short company) had credit facilities with the Bank. According to the Bank, as on 3 June, 2004, the company was indebted to the Bank in the sum of 2,32,00,000/ - against the cash credit facility and Rs. 10,00,000/ - towards working capital term loan. For availing the credit facilities, the company mortgaged factory, land and building by way of equitable mortgage in favour the bank on 18 - 2 - 1997. The account of the company was classified as n performing assets and the bank decided to recover the due amount against company under the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 (hereinafter to be referred to Securitisation Act). Before the Bank decided to initiate recovery proceed against the company under the Securitisation Act, 2002, it is pertinent to no that the sales tax dues from the company amounting to Rs. 3,27,24,096/ - for assessment period from 1995 - 96 and 1999 - 2000 were outstanding under Bombay Sales Tax Act and Central Sales Tax Act. The company had also paid with returns an amount of Rs. 35,58,672/ - that they collected as sales tax, other words, an amount of Rs. 3,62,82,768/ - was already outstanding against company towards the sales tax dues. For recovery of the said sales tax dues, the proceedings under the Maharashtra Land Revenue Code were initiated. The notice in form No. 39 dated 7 - 11 - 2003 was also served upon the bank asking them to discharge the sales tax liability of the company. The sales tax authorities also executed warrant of attachment; took possession of the properties of the company and put seals thereon.
3. The case of the Bank is that on 25 - 11 - 2004 when its officer conducted a visit to the company, it was found that the sales tax authorities had affixed seals on the properties of the company. On 2 - 12 - 2004, the bank sent a letter to the Assistant Commissioner of Sales Tax (respondent No.2) pointing out that the Bank has first charge in respect of the companys movable and immovable properties. The information about the sales tax proceedings was also sought. The respondent No. 2 was also asked not to take further action in respect of the movable and immovable properties of the company without prior notice to the bank.
4. The Bank thereafter issued notice on 20 - 12 - 2004 under section 13(2) of Securitisation Act in respect of the hypothecated and mortgaged properties. It became necessary, according to the Bank, since the company failed to clear the dues. The actual possession of the movable and immovable properties was taken by the Bank on 15 - 2 - 2005. The valuation of the said properties was carried out and the auction date of the said properties was fixed on 13 - 5 - 2005. In the auction, the properties of the company were sold for Rs. 66,31,001/ - and the possession was handed over to the auction purchaser. The Bank appropriated the sale proceeds towards the due amount from the company.
5. On 11th July, 2005, the Assistant Commissioner of Sales Tax sent a letter to the Bank informing them that the sales tax dues are the first charge against the properties of the company. The Bank was informed about the recovery action taken against the properties of the company.
6. The Bank responded to the letter dated 11th July, 2005 by sending the reply on 14th July, 2005. The Bank asserte
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