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2010 Supreme(Bom) 1485

High Court of Judicature at Bombay
P.B. MAJMUDAR & ANOOP V. MOHTA
Amit H. Jhaveri of Mumbai & Another
Versus
Bank of Baroda & Others
WRIT PETITION NO.983 OF 2010 WITH CIVIL APPLICATION NO.2380 OF 2010
Decided on : 12-10-2010

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioners:S.U. Kamdar, Senior Advocate i/by Devanshu P. Desai, Advocate.
For the Respondents:R1 - D.D. Madon, Senior Advocate with Simil Purohit i/by Juris Parmar Chambers, R2 - K.R. Chaudhari, Advocates, R5 - A.I. Patel, AGP.

Headnote:Recovery of Debts Due to Banks and Financial Institutions Act, 1993 - Sections 2(g) and 17-Debt-Petitioners utilized considerable money of Bank for purpose of his business-Taken benefits of financial assistance from Bank in a fraudulent manner-Executed no document at time of taking financial help-Petitioner can always be said to be a debtor of Bank-Bank, a creditor so far as amount of Bank concerned.-As pointed out above, in the present case, the suit was transferred long back from this Court to the Tribunal. The petitioners were the direct beneficiaries of the aforesaid so-called fraudulent transaction and the money was utilized by the petitioners for their business. It is required to be noted that the petitioners have categorically admitted the aspect about taking benefits arising out of the said transaction at the time when the proceedings are pending before the Magistrate. Considering the facts and circumstances of the case, we are not in a position to accept the submission of the counsel for the petitioners that the debt which arises only out of a transaction carried out in a lawful manner and by executing appropriate documents that the same should be construed as debt. In our view, when a person takes financial benefits for the purpose of business and by utilizing the bank money for the business, even if such benefits were taken in a fraudulent manner, still such a person can be said to be a debtor of the bank and even so called alleged fraudulent transaction can be also covered under the definition of debt. It is not mandatory that in every case, unless and until all necessary documents are executed at the time of taking financial help or benefits or assistance, in whatever manner one may get, yet such a transaction cannot be treated as a debt. In the instant case, the petitioners have utilized considerable money of the bank for the purpose of business and the said benefit had taken with the help of the officers of the bank. The amount was utilized for the purpose of business of the petitioners. Considering the said aspect, the petitioners can always be said to be a debtor of the bank and the bank is a creditor so far as the amount of the bank is concerned.

       Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 - Section 80-Interest-Award of-Amount payable to bank by virtue of fraudulent transaction-Petitioners not executed any document in favour of bank-However, petitioners ultimate beneficiaries in getting financial assistance for their business from bank-May be in wrongful manner-Cannot escape repaying amount to bank-Award of interest @ 10% p.a. by DRT justified.-It is an unfortunate case that the officers of the bank fraudulently helped the petitioner in securing the considerable loan amount which is a public money. Ultimately, on the basis of a complaint lodged with CBI, Mumbai, the things came to light. In Court’s view, considering the facts and circumstances of the case and the fact that the petitioners were the ultimate beneficiaries in getting the financial assistance for their business, may be in a wrongful manner, cannot escape of repaying the amount to the respondent bank.

JUDGMENT

P.B. MAJMUDAR, J.

1. Rule.

2. Mr.Madon, learned Senior Counsel waives service on behalf of respondent No.1 and Mr.Chaudhari, waives service for respondent No.2. Leave to delete respondent No.3 from the array of parties. With the consent of both the sides, the matter is heard finally and is disposed of by this judgment.

3. By way of this petition, the petitioner has challenged the order passed by the Debts Recovery Appellate Tribunal, Mumbai, in Appeal No.336 of 2006 with M.A. No.1072 of 2009. The Appellate Tribunal by its judgment and order dated 12-01-2010 dismissed the appeal filed by the petitioners and confirmed the order passed by the Debt Recovery Tribunal, Mumbai.

4. The respondent No.1 Bank instituted a Suit bearing No.194 of 1997 against the petitioners for recovery of the amount before the Original Side of this Court. In view of the enactment of the Recovery of Debts Due to Banks and Financial Institutions Act, 1993 (for the sake of brevity, hereinafter referred to as the Act), the said suit was subsequently transferred to Debts Recovery Tribunal, Mumbai. The Debts Recovery Tribunal, II, Mumbai, by its order dated 27-03-2006, allowed the Original Application filed by respondent No.1 Bank and passed an order of recovery of Rs.8,09,58,000/-with interest @ 18% p.a. from 27-12-1993 till full realization. Subsequently, the said order was reviewed by Debts Recovery Tribunal, II, Mumbai, in Review Application No.14 of 2006 and the amount of recovery was modified to Rs.11,20,14,000/-with interest @ 18% p.a. from 27-12-1993 till full realization. The original order as well as the order passed in review application, both were challenged by the petitioners by preferring an appeal bearing No.336 of 2006 before the Appellate Tribunal. The contention of the petitioners before the Appellate Tribunal was that since the petitioners has not signed any documents and no documents were executed between the petitioners and respondent Bank, the proceedings before the Tribunal were not maintainable. The Appellate Tribunal rejected the said contention and dismissed the appeal filed by the petitioners, which order is challenged in the present petition.

5. Mr.Kamdar, learned Senior Counsel appearing for the petitioners strenuously submitted that since no documents were executed by the petitioners, the transaction at the most, can be said to be fraudulent business transaction and in that view of the matter, the proceedings before the Debts Recovery Tribunal, were not maintainable. He further contended that the respondent-Bank should have filed appropriate suit for recovery of the amount, but the proceedings before the Debts Recovery Tribunal, were surely not maintainable, as this was not a routine business transaction by which the amount is borrowed by the petitioners. According to him, fraudulent business transaction resorted to by the petitioners, cannot be equated with a genuine business transaction and therefore, the provisions of the said Act, cannot be made applicable so far as facts of the present case are concerned. In order to lend credence to his submissions, he has relied upon certain judgments.

6. Per contra, Mr.Madon, learned Senior Counsel appearing for respondent No.1 Bank, submitted that the petitioners in connivance with the bank employees, fraudulently took financial benefits for the purpose of its business, by committing a fraud with the Bank. He further submitted that so far as bank employees are concerned, the respondent Bank cannot resort to any proceedings under the said Act, as the proceedings are required to be initiated for misappropriation of funds of the bank as per Service Rules. But since, the petitioners are the direct beneficiaries of the alleged fraudulent transaction and have utilized the money for its business, the proceedings before the Debts Recovery Tribunal, is maintainable.

7. We have heard the learned counsel at length and have considered the rival submissions made on behalf of both the sides. I




















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