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2011 Supreme(Bom) 1122

2011 (6) ALLMR 799
In the High Court of Bombay at Nagpur
B.P. DHARMADHIKARI & P.D. KODE
Niraj Vikas Pabale, Adult & Others
Versus
The Tahsildar, Wardha & Others
WRIT PETITION No. 5680 OF 2007
Decided on : 21-09-2011

Advocates appeared:
For the Petitioners:Anil Kilor, Advocate.
For the Respondents:R1 & R3, A.S. Sonare, learned A.G.P, R4, M.R. Joharapurkar, R5, Anjan De, R6, J.S. Mokadam, Advocates.

Headnote:Constitution of India - Article 226-Public Interest litigation (PIL)-Bar of alternate remedy-Self imposed-Never absolute in writ jurisdiction under Article 226 of Constitution-Rigour of such bar must get diluted or it must be held as not available in PIL jurisdiction.-The bar of alternate remedy is self imposed and never absolute in writ jurisdiction under Article 226 of the Constitution. Rigour of such bar must get diluted or it must be held as not available in PIL jurisdiction.

       Constitution of India - Article 226-Public Interest Litigation (PIL)-Cognizance of-Taking cognizance of PIL, an administrative exercise-To hear alleged wrong doer at that stage, not necessary-Law not contemplates a hearing before taking cognizance as PIL.-Taking cognizance of PIL is mostly an administrative exercise and it is not necessary to hear the alleged wrong doer at the stage. Such aggrieved person can always make suitable grievance when matter is being judicially examined by the regular bench. The law does not contemplate a hearing before taking cognizance as PIL and further challenges to the orders taking cognizance of either Hon’ble Chief Justice or the Senior Judge by the aggrieved party. If arguments of counsel are to be accepted two hearings i.e., one before the cognizance and later hearing on judicial side after such cognizance become imperative. Such a course of action may lead to uncertainty and delay thereby militating with the very basics of accept of PIL. Persons attempting to invoke that jurisdiction may in such an eventuality be forced to regular civil or other jurisdiction for immediate interim relief appropriate to their grievance.

       Constitution of India - Article 226-Public Interest Litigation (PIL)-Delay-Petitioner challenging multistorey buildings with excess FSI- No creation of any third party interest-Multistorey buildings with excess FSI not sustainable as per any legal provisions-Delay not fatal.

       Constitution of India - Article 226-Public Interest Litigation (PIL)-Notice-Verification of allegations-Appropriate verification of allegations from petitioners required to be insisted by Court before issuing notice to respondent.

       Constitution of India - Article 226-Public Interest Litigation (PIL)-Public cause-Cognizance taken in larger public interest-Rules of pleadings, estoppel or acquisitiveness may not be strictly abided by Court.-Hon’ble Apex Court noted that in a public interest litigation of nature before it, it is not necessary for the Court to aside by the strict rules of pleadings and even if it is found that the petitioners are busy bodies, the Courts while discharging them, could proceed to deal with the public interest litigation suo motu.

       This discussion also shows that there can not be any estoppel or acquiescence in such matters when this Court has found the cause presented to it as public cause and cognizance is taken in larger public interest.

       Bombay Village Panchayats Act, 1958 - Section 52-Construction on plots-Plots beyond gaothan area, i.e., beyond village or abadi area-Permission for-Cannot be accorded by Gram Panchayat.-Respondent No. 5 claims that permission was granted by respondent No. 4 and its structures are approved by that respondent. Respondent No. 4 Gram Panchayat has in turn claimed that permission has been granted as per Section 52 of the 1958 Act. It has stated that plots on which construction is made are not earmarked for extension of village site and were beyond gaothan area i.e., beyond village or abadi area. Therefore Extension Rules, 1967 are not applicable. Hence, it is relying upon only Section 52 of the 1958 Act. Therefore, Court finds merit in contention of the petitioners that as lands are beyond village area, the permission could not have been accorded by Gram Panchayat.

Judgment :-

B.P. Dharmadhikari, J.

1. This writ petition is entertained as Public Interest Litigation (PIL) as per the orders of Hon'ble the Chief Justice dated 30/10/2007. Briefly stated, the grievance is about an activity in the shape of an educational institute and a students hostel in residential area. It is alleged that the construction is raised without legal sanction from the competent authority. Respondent No. 5 before this Court is that institute while Respondent No. 4 is the Gram Panchayat which claims to have sanctioned the same under Section 52 of the Bombay Village Panchayat Act,1958, (hereinafter referred to as “the 1958 Act” for short). Respondent no. 6 is the Zilla Parishad which can control/suspend actions/resolutions passed by Gram Panchayat in this respect. At one time it was the stand of authorities that Standardized building bye laws for B and C class municipal councils prescribed under Maharashtra Municipal Councils, Nagar Panchayats And Industrial Townships Act (40 of 1965) needed to be followed (hereinafter referred to as “the 1965 Act” for short). The cognizance of grievance as PIL is also questioned on various grounds and one of the contentions is subsequent amendment to letter treated as PIL by the petitioners, can not be looked into as its part and parcel.

2. With this background, we proceed to narrate the facts.

(A). 15 petitioners wrote a letter dated 8/10/2007 to the Hon'ble The Chief Justice of this Court by designation as also by name ( then the Hon'ble Chief Justice Shri Swatantra Kumar) as also to the then Administrative Judge at Bombay Shri J.N. Patel (using name also) and to the Administrative Judge at Nagpur. It was received by the office of Hon'ble The Chief Justice on 15/10/2007. Registrar(JudicialI) at Mumbai on 29102007 placed it with a note before the Hon'ble Chief Justice and sought orders as to ( A) whether said communication be treated as PIL and sent to Nagpur Bench or then (B) whether it be filed after informing the writers that they may take recourse to remedy available in law, if so advised. Hon'ble The Chief Justice approved part “A” of the note. We are making reference to this letter in more details in paragraph 8 below.

(B). Deputy Registrar of High Court at Nagpur had in the meanwhile on 24/10/2007 placed the very same letter received by Senior or Administrative Judge at Nagpur with similar note and sought directions whether (A) it be treated as PIL, (B) whether report of Collector. Wardha be called within one month or then (C) whether to file it after informing the applicants to take recourse to appropriate legal remedy, if they so desired. The Hon'ble Administrative or Senior Judge at Nagpur approved option “B”. This therefore shows that appropriate cognizance was taken at Nagpur as also at Mumbai independently by the competent Hon'ble Judges.

(C). Matter was listed on 17/12/2007 before the Division Bench presided over by same Senior Judge only and was adjourned to 19/12/2007. The report was already called from the office of Collector Wardha by Joint Registrar (Criminal1) of this Court vide communication dated 29/11/2007 as per the directions of Hon'ble Senior/Administrative Judge at Nagpur. Said report dated 6/14122007 was received and on 17/12/2007 itself orders of Hon'ble Senior Judge before whom the matter was listed earlier on same day on judicial side were procured to tag that report with writ petition. Accordingly, report was made available to the same Division Bench on next date i.e., on 19/12/2007. On that day after hearing, this Court issued notice before admission returnable on 9/1/2008. Matter was also directed to be placed before High Court Legal Services Subcommittee. On 10/1/2008 the matter appeared on daily board and Petitioners then were given assistance of an advocate as amicus curiae. On 29/1/2008, Respondent no. 5 filed its submissions mostly raising challenge to the cognizance and maintainability. Respondent no. 4 Gram Panchayat also filed its repl
























































































































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