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2014 Supreme(Bom) 725

In the High Court of Bombay at Goa
F.M. REIS, J.
Vidhyadhar Atmaram Umarye @ Venkatesh Atmaram Umarye & Others
Versus
The Chief Secretary, Government of Goa, Secretariat & Others
First Appeal No. 197 of 2007
Decided on: 21-03-2014

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellants:R.G. Ramani, Advocate.
For the Respondents:R1 to R5, S. Vahidulla, Government Advocate, R16, R17, Sudesh Usgaonkar, Advocate.

Headnote:Portuguese Civil Code, 1939 - Article 953 - Goa Land Revenue Code, 1968, Section 105 - Dismissal of suit for declaration of title. - Where presumption under Article 953 of Code was available in favour of plaintiffs that property belonged to them therefore dismissal of suit for declaration of title, improper. - Court, merely entering the name in the Survey Records by itself would not give a cause of action to the appellant/plaintiff to file a suit for declaration unless his right to enjoy the property has been infringed or at least there is a clear and unequivocal threat to infringe the right of the appellant/plaintiff in the suit property. As such, the lower appellate Court, was not justified to come to the conclusion that the suit for declaration was barred by limitation taking note of the cause of action as pleaded in the plaint.

       Specific Relief Act, 1963 - Section 34 - Limitation Act, 1963, Section 5 - Limitation for suit for declaration of title. - Suit for declaration of title filed by plaintiff, when he learnt about erroneous entry in survey records, not barred by limitation. - There is nothing in the document which suggests that the said property is an usurpation wherein the Government land is located as stated in the translation. This impression stated in the translation does not prima facie appear to be correct considering the original document produced on record. The records also do not reveal that the respondent/Government has taken any steps for eviction of the appellants or for restoration of the possession of any portion of the property which was originally surveyed in the cadastral survey No. 208. In such circumstances, it was incumbent upon the trial Judge to consider on the basis of the land registration document whether the property belonged to the appellants or not. The presumption under Article 953 of the Portuguese Civil Code is as such available in favour of the appellants and other co- owners. Once such presumption is drawn, the Judge was not justified to come to the conclusion that such presumption can be rebutted by the revenue document.

       It is now well-settled that entries in the survey records do not confer any title in favour of the person whose name figures therein. In any event, the presumption of possession under Section 105 of the Land Revenue Code stands rebutted in view of the categorical admission of DW 1 that the Government is not in possession of the said property. The Judge has lost sight of this fact while passing the impugned judgment to draw a presumption under Section 105 of the Land Revenue Code in favour of the Government/ respondent. Once the said respondents themselves have admitted that they were not in possession of the property, it was expected of the Judge to examine the record and ascertain whether the appellants have established that the property as described in the Land Registration Office corresponds to the disputed property claimed by the appellants. The Judge has failed to examine the record in the manner as required in law and consequently, in the interest of justice it would be appropriate to quash and set aside the judgment of the Judge and remand the matter to the trial Court to decide the suit afresh, in accordance with law. The first point for determination is answered accordingly.

JUDGMENT

1. Heard Mr. R.G. Ramani, learned Counsel appearing for the appellants, Mr. S. Vahidulla, learned Government Advocate appearing for respondents No.1 to 5 and Mr. Sudesh Usgaonkar, learned Counsel appearing for the respondents No.16 and 17.

2. The above appeal challenges the Judgment and Decree dated 24th April, 2007 passed in Civil Suit No.5/04(new), whereby the suit filed by the appellants for declaration and permanent injunction came to be dismissed.

3. Mr. Ramani, learned Counsel appearing for the appellants has assailed the impugned judgment on the ground that the disputed property forms part and parcel of the property “Nacutxy” or “Ambachem Ghol” situated at Village Kudchirem of Sattari Taluka, described in the Land Registration Office under No. 4797 and surveyed in the record of rights under Survey No.211/1, 211/2 and 211/3, totally admeasuring an area of 1,74,739 sq. metres, approximately. The learned Counsel further points out that the said property came to be described in the Land Registration Office in view of a partition document executed between the ancestors of the appellants way back in the year 1890, wherein the disputed property was divided between three co-sharers. The learned Counsel has, thereafter, taken me through the description and inscription of the disputed property and pointed out that the boundaries of property have been correctly defined in the Land Registration Office inasmuch as the northern boundary of the property is the river which is found at the site towards the northern side of the survey number. The learned Counsel further points out that in the survey records, the names of the appellants are shown as lessees of the land and the Government as Occupant and, as such, the appellants have filed the suit for declaration of ownership of the suit property. The learned Counsel further points out that the property belonging to the appellants is shown in the cadastral survey plan under No.208, disclosing the area as 1,74,739 sq. metres. The learned Counsel further points out that it is not in dispute that the property as surveyed under No.208 corresponds to the property surveyed under No.211/1, 211/2, and 211/3 as per the record of rights promulgated under the Land Revenue Code. The learned Counsel further points out that as respondent No.1 was in the process of building an approach road to a bridge without the consent of the appellants, they were forced to file the suit for declaration of title and permanent injection. The learned Counsel further points out that the respondents have produced along with the cadastral survey plan the records which, according to him, make an endorsement to the effect that in the said property surveyed under No.208, there is an usurpation of the Government land which property otherwise stands in the names of the ancestors of the appellants. The learned Counsel has, thereafter, taken me through the translation as provided by the respondents and pointed out that it is a wrong translation provided by the respondents as, according to him, the translation suggests a totally erroneous position inasmuch as it states that in the usurpation there is a government land which has a totally different meaning. The learned Counsel further points out that even assuming that the land had been encroached by the ancestors of the appellants, admittedly, the respondent Government has not initiated any proceedings for eviction of the appellants and, as such, this by itself entitles the appellants to a declaration of title as claimed by them. The learned Counsel further points out that the learned Judge has erroneously taken a different angle to the dispute raised by the respondents by assuming that the property under Survey Nos. 211/1, 211/2, 211/3 belongs to the respondent Government and considering the difference in the area, an additional area of 2000 sq. metres only belongs to the appellants. The learned Counsel points out that there is no defence raised by the respondents on thi






















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