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2014 Supreme(Bom) 2499

IN THE HIGH COURT OF BOMBAY AT NAGPUR BENCH
P.N. Deshmukh, J.
Devanand @ Ghantya s/o. Narayan Shirsat - Appellant
Versus
State of Maharashtra - Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 203 of 1999
Decided On : 25-9-2014

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :A. Mardikar, Sr. Adv. with S. Joshi, Advocate
For the Respondent/State:- M.J. Khan, Addl. P.P., Advocate

Headnote:

Dying Declaration - Criminal Law - Indian Penal Code, Section 498-A, Section 306 - The court discussed the validity of the dying declaration (Exh.44) and its corroboration by witnesses. The court also considered the requirements of a valid dying declaration and the burden of proof under Section 106 of the Indian Evidence Act. The appellant's failure to offer an explanation was considered an additional link in the chain of circumstances, leading to the affirmation of the conviction under Section 306 of the Indian Penal Code. The court partially allowed the appeal, altering the sentence for the offence under Section 306 of the Indian Penal Code.

Fact of the Case:

The deceased, Rajkanya, committed suicide by setting herself on fire due to ill-treatment by the appellant, her husband. The prosecution's case was based on a dying declaration (Exh.44) recorded by a Special Judicial Magistrate and corroborated by witnesses. The appellant denied the allegations and claimed the injuries were sustained accidentally.

Finding of the Court:

The court found the dying declaration to be valid and admissible, satisfying the requirements of a valid dying declaration. The court also considered the failure of the appellant to offer an explanation as an additional link in the chain of circumstances, leading to the affirmation of the conviction under Section 306 of the Indian Penal Code. The court partially allowed the appeal, altering the sentence for the offence under Section 306 of the Indian Penal Code.

Issues: The key issues revolved around the validity of the dying declaration, corroboration by witnesses, and the burden of proof under Section 106 of the Indian Evidence Act. The court also considered the appellant's denial and alternative defense of accidental injuries.

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the validity of the dying declaration, the corroboration by witnesses, and the burden of proof under Section 106 of the Indian Evidence Act. The appellant's failure to offer an explanation was considered an additional link in the chain of circumstances, leading to the affirmation of the conviction under Section 306 of the Indian Penal Code.

Final Decision: The court partially allowed the appeal, altering the sentence for the offence under Section 306 of the Indian Penal Code. The conviction and sentence for the offence under Section 498-A of the Indian Penal Code were confirmed, while the sentence for the offence under Section 306 of the Indian Penal Code was reduced from six years to three years of rigorous imprisonment.

JUDGMENT :

P.N. Deshmukh, J.

This appeal takes exception to the judgment and order dated 29th of April 1999 passed in Session Trial No. 162 of 1995 by the Additional Sessions Judge, Akola. whereby appellant came to be convicted for the offence punishable under Section 498-A of the Indian Penal Code and is sentenced to suffer rigorous imprisonment for three years and to pay fine of Rs. 300/- in default to suffer R.I. for six months. Appellant is further convicted for the offence punishable under Section 306 of the Indian Penal Code and is sentenced to suffer rigorous imprisonment for six years and to pay fine of Rs. 500/- in default to suffer R.I. for one year.

2. Prosecution case can briefly be stated as follows :-

Deceased Rajkanya was wife of appellant/accused. Their marriage took place about five years prior to incident which occurred on 25th of July, 1995 at village Sanglud at the residential house of appellant. Out of their wed lock, deceased had one son and one daughter. The parents of Rajkanya are residing at village Parad. According to prosecution, appellant was addicted to liquor and was assaulting his wife which fact was known by his neighbours. They attempted to convince the appellant but his routine continued and as such there used to have frequent quarrells between appellant and deceased and for this reason Rajkanya committed suicide by setting herself on fire. It is the case of prosecution that prior to incident deceased was in her parental house for about 2 months, however, again she came back to appellant. Thereafter also ill-treatment continued due to which she committed suicide.

3. On sustaining bum injuries, Tanya was admitted to Civil Hospital, Akola of which intimation was received by P.S.O. Borgaon Manju on the same day. Accordingly, PW 2 ASI Khandare issued requisition vide Exh.33 to PW 9 Mohd. Sidduqui, Special Judicial Magistrate, for recording dying declaration. Dying declaration was recorded on the same day on 25th of July, 1995 by PW 9 Mohd. Abdul Siddiqui, vide Exh.44 in the presence of P.W. 10 Dr. Bhalchandra Deshmukli who, prior to recording and after recording the dying declaration, had issued medical endorsement at Exh.44-C and 44-D, respectively. In her dying declaration Rajkanya stated about ill-treatment provided to her by the appellant due to which she committed suicide.

4. On the basis of dying declaration, offence vide Crime No. 0 of 1995 was registered by P.S.O. City Kotwali, Akola for the offence punishable under Section 498-A of the Indian Penal Code. Papers of investigation of the said crime came to be forwarded to Borgaon Manju Police Station where PW 13 Ganesh Wakode registered Crime No. 150 of 1995 vide FIR Exh.49. Further investigation was carried out by PW 12 Manikrao Gawande, API, during course of which he visited spot of incident and drew spot panchanama (Exh. 19) which was house of the appellant. On 26th of July, 1995 Rajkanya died while she was under medical treatment of which intimation was received by PW 2 Motiram, A.S.I., vide Exh.31. Accordingly, offence punishable under section 306 of the Indian Penal Code came to be added in this Crime. During the course of further investigation, statements of witnesses came to be recorded. On death of Rajkanya, PW 6 Dhanraj - brother of deceased lodged his report (Exh.40) which was recorded by PW 7 Namdeo Tayde, H.C.B. No. 1633 against the appellant who was accordingly arrested. On completion of investigation, charge-sheet came to be filed against the appellant before the Court of Judicial Magistrate (F.C.), Akola. In the course of time, case came to be committed to the Court of Sessions for its trial. Charge was framed against the appellant for above offence vide Exh. 11 to which he pleaded not guilty and claimed to be tried. Plea of appellant is at Exh. 12. The defence of appellant is of denial and in alternative of deceased sustaining injuries accidentally.

5. The learned Sessions Judge on considering the evidence and documents on record c





































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