2017 Supreme(Bom) 1744
IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY BENCH AT NAGPUR
P.N. DESHMUKH, J.
The Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd. - Appellant
Versus
Vijay Ramchandra Kale & Ors. - Respondents
First Appeal No. 109 of 2009
Decided On : 04-12-2017
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant : Mr. Lalit Limaye
For the Respondent: Mrs. Jyoti Dharmadhikari
The central legal point established in the judgment is that the communication of the cancellation of the insurance policy to the insured prior to the accident is crucial in determining the insurer's liability to indemnify the third party.
Headnote:
Insurance - Motor Accident Claims - Insurance Act, 1938, Section 64VB; Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, Chapter XI, Sections 145, 146, 147(5), 165, 168 - The court discussed the provisions of the Insurance Act, 1938 and the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988, particularly focusing on the requirement of receiving premium in advance, the definition of liability, and the liability of the insurer to indemnify the specified persons in the policy. The court also emphasized the power of the Claims Tribunals to adjudicate claims and disputes between insurer and insured. The judgment highlighted the importance of communication of cancellation of insurance policy to the insured and the impact on the insurer's liability to indemnify the third party.
Fact of the Case:
The appeal involved a motor accident claim where the Insurance Company contested liability, claiming cancellation of the insurance coverage due to dishonoured premium cheque issued by the vehicle owner. The Tribunal held the Insurance Company liable to pay compensation to the claimants, as it found no evidence of the cancellation of the policy communicated to the owner prior to the accident.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the Insurance Company failed to establish the communication of the cancellation of the policy to the insured prior to the accident, and therefore, upheld the Tribunal's decision holding the Insurance Company liable to satisfy the award of compensation to the claimants.
Issues: The key issue was whether the Insurance Company's liability to indemnify the claim of the third party ceased due to the cancellation of the policy communicated to the insured prior to the accident.
Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the importance of communication of the cancellation of the insurance policy to the insured and the impact on the insurer's liability to indemnify the third party. It held that the Insurance Company's liability to indemnify the claim of the third party does not cease if there is no evidence of the cancellation of the policy communicated to the insured prior to the accident.
Final Decision: The appeal was dismissed, and the judgment of the Tribunal holding the Insurance Company liable to satisfy the award of compensation to the claimants was upheld.
1. This appeal is preferred by Insurance Company/ori. respondent no.2 hereafter referred as appellant, against the impugned judgment and award dated 7th November, 2008 passed by the Member, Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, Akola in M.A.C.P.No.27 of 2007. By partly allowing the petition, though owner of the offending vehicle, ori. respondent no.1, is directed to pay amount of compensation to the extent of Rs.1,95,000/- with interest at the rate of 7% P.A. upon it from the date of petition till its realization, inclusive amount of no fault liability of Rs.50,000/-, looking to the peculiar circumstance, appellant is directed to pay said amount to claimants in the first place, and is granted liberty to recover the same from, the owner of the vehicle with interest. In that view of the matter, limited challenge in this appeal is to order of Tribunal directing appellant to pay first and then to recover from the owner.
2. Learned Counsel Shri Limaye appearing for the appellant, has contended that in fact no such direction can be issued as cheque issued by owner dated 21st August, 2006 towards premium of insurance policy was dishonoured for want of sufficient funds and the bank intimated said fact to appellant on 28th September, 2006 and on receipt of said information, the appellant on 4th October, 2006 had intimated the owner of cancellation of Cover Note for dishonour of cheque. It is thus the case of appellant that much prior to incident which took place on 22nd December, 2006, appellant on 4th October, 2006 itself had, by giving intimation of cancellation of Cover Note cancelled the Insurance Coverage and as such, no liability can be fasten upon appellant much less than to direct the appellant to pay the amount of compensation first to claimants and then to recover the same from owner.
3. Learned Counsel has further contended that to substantiate above case of dishonour of cheque and intimation, appellant has also examined their witness, however, his evidence is not considered by Tribunal in its true spirit and therefore, contended that appeal be allowed setting aside impugned judgment and Award.
4. Learned Advocate Mrs. Jyoti Dharmadhikari appearing for respondent nos.1 to 3/ori.claimants has on the other hand submitted that in fact, no such notice as alleged to have been sent by the appellant by registered post on 4th October, 2006 at any point of time is received by owner, inasmuch as said notice was never sent to the owner on the address which is stated on Cover note and has therefore, submitted that since there is nothing on record to establish fact of cancellation of insurance coverage by the appellant, Tribunal has rightly fastened liability on the Insurance Company. It is further submitted that Chapter XI of M.V. Act of 1988 providing compulsory Insurance of vehicle against third party risk, is a social welfare Legislation to extend relief of compensation to victim of accident caused by use of motor vehicle and has contended that since from the evidence and documents on record it can amply be established that on the day of accident there was no intimation to owner of the vehicle involved in the accident of cancellation of policy for nonpayment of premium since cheque issued for same came to be dishonoured that by itself can be no ground to disallow the claim of claimants and therefore, contended that the appeal be dismissed.
5. In the background of submissions advanced as aforesaid, facts involved in the appeal needs to be considered which can briefly be submitted to the effect that respondents/claimants had filed petition for grant of compensation to the extent of Rs.3,00,000/- due to death of deceased Ramchandra Shivram Kale who on 22nd December, 2006 met with an accident involving Car bearing registration No. MH 19 Q 3813 owned by respondent No.4 since it gave dash to the deceased by coming from opposite direction. Owner of the vehicle chose to remain absent before the Tribunal inspite of service and was thus procee