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2019 Supreme(Bom) 1468

IN THE HIGH COURT OF BOMBAY
Bharati Dangre, J.
Shehzad Valimohammad Merchant - Appellant
Vs.
Saiyed Ghulam Abbas Zaidi And Another - Respondents
Criminal Application No. 1316 of 2017
Decided On : 26-09-2019

Advocates Appeared:
Subodh Desai, Adv., Bhavesh Thakur, Adv., Vijendra Kumar Rai, Adv., Priti S. Jaiswal, Adv., Iram Sayed, Adv., H.J. Dedhia, Adv.

Headnote:

Companies Act - Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 - Section 138 – Claim of compensation – Condo nation of delay - Complainant, being aggrieved by dishonor of cheque addressed a notice on three addressee’s via succinct distinction between provisions of Section 138 and Section 141. Merely because a Director of a Company can be vicariously held liable for the offence committed by Company by relying on Section 141 of Act, plain reading of Section 138 and sub-Sections (b) and (c) appended to proviso do not admit of a situation where it is a requirement of drawee issuing a notice to every Director of the Company who was in charge and responsible to the Company for conduct of its business. This requirement of issuance of notice to an individual Director in terms of sub-clause of proviso to Section 138 cannot be read into said provision - Merely on an assumption that when a notice is issued to Director and then Director would necessarily inform Company of such a notice being received do not make it imperative for a drawer to issue a notice to any other person other than the drawer of the cheque - It is settled position of law that when a statute requires a particular thing to be done in a particular manner, then that must be performed in same manner and not in any other manner - In such circumstances in absence of notice being issued to Company which is drawer of cheque in question invocation of proceedings under Section 138 of Act must necessarily fail in absence of statutory compliance of sub-clause of proviso appended to Section 138 - In any contingency Applicant is also entitled to avail benefit under Section 141 of NI Act since it is an admitted position that he was not a Director and therefore not in control of affairs of the Company on date when the cheque was presented and on said date – Appeal allowed

JUDGMENT :

Bharati Dangre, J.

The Applicant, who was a Director of Landmark Real Estate Developers Limited, a Company incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act is before this Court assailing the action of issuance of process against him and subsequent order passed by the Appellate Court which upholds the order passed by Metropolitan Magistrate.

2. The Landmark Real Estate Developers Limited entered into a Memorandum of Understanding for Full and Final Settlement of Accounts with one Mr. Sayed Ghulam Abbas Rizvi and two others wherein, it was agreed that the amount would be paid to the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Parts of the Memorandum of Understanding in pursuance of the quashing proceedings that they have filed before the High Court seeking quashment of C.R.No.20 of 2016. A schedule of payment was set out and the Memorandum of Understanding also makes a mention to four post dated cheques and the issue in the present Criminal Application revolves around the third cheque bearing No.034405 dated 31/01/2017 issued for an amount of Rs.2,94,805/-.

3. The Complainant, being aggrieved by the dishonour of the cheque, on 13/02/2017 addressed a notice on three addressees viz. one Mr. Vali Mohamed Ismail Merchant, Director of Landmark Real Estate Developers Limited at his residence at 401, Khaiber Apartments,83, Prof. Almeidia Road, Bandra (West), Mumbai. The second noticee is again Mr. Vali Mohamed Ismail Merchant, Director of Landmark Real Estate Developers Limited and the address is given as Digital Planet,181, Hill Road, Bandra (West), Mumbai - 400050. The third noticee is the Applicant Mr. Shehzad Vali Mohamed Ismail Merchant, Director of the Landmark Real Estate Developers Limited and the notice is addressed at his residence located at Andheri, Mumbai. Since there was no compliance of the said notice, complaint under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 ("NI Act") came to be instituted which resulted into issuance of process by the 70th Court of Metropolitan Magistrate, Mazgaon, Mumbai and the process was issued against the Applicant who was arraigned as Accused No.3 in the said complaint for the offence punishable under Sections 138 and 142 of the NI Act.

4. The Applicant is aggrieved by the issuance of the process and the learned counsel Mr. Desai would submit that the unembellished and elemental facts have not been taken into consideration by learned Magistrate while issuing the process. He would submit that on 28/12/2016, the Applicant has tendered his resignation from the post of Director of the Company through a communication addressed to the Board of Directors of Landmark Real Estate Developers Limited. Pursuant to this, a Resolution was passed by the Board on the same day i.e. on 28/12/2016, thereby resolving that the resignation of the Applicant from the Directorship of the Company is accepted from 28/12/2016. The factum of resignation is also depicted in Form DIR-12 maintained by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs and the said document confirms that the Applicant, with effect from 28/12/2016, is not associated with Landmark Real Estate Developers Limited.

5. Another aspect which the learned counsel for the Applicant has pressed into service is that the notice which was addressed by the Complainant was not addressed to the Company which is the drawer of the cheque dated 31/01/2017 issued to the Complainant for discharge of the liability of an amount of Rs.2,94,805/-. He would submit that the drawer of the said cheque is the 'Landmark Real Estate Developers Limited'. Relying upon clause (b) of Section 138 of the NI Act, Mr. Desai would submit that since the notice was not addressed to the drawer, the procedure contemplated under Section 138 of the NI Act is not complied with and resultantly, no liability under the said section can be foisted on its Directors as it is non compliant of clause (b) of Section 138 of the NI Act.

6. Learned counsel for the Respondent No.1 would invite my attention to the Memorand

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