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2020 Supreme(Bom) 289

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
N.J. JAMADAR, J.
Time Field Corporation – Plaintiff
Versus
Shri Sankalp Co-operative Housing Society Limited and ors. – Defendants
Notice of Motion No. 3831 of 1999 In Short Cause Suit No.469 of 1978
Decided On : 02-06-2020

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Plaintiff : Mr.J.S. Kini, a/w. Ms. Sapna Krishnappa
For the Defendant :Mr. J.P. Cama, Senior Advocate, a/w Mr. Amit Saple, Ms. Priyanka, Kumar, Ms.Roshni Vipani, and Mr. Anilkumar K.P., for defendant and applicants.

Headnote:(A) Maharashtra Co-operative Societies Act, 1960 - Sections 36 and 72 - Consent decree set aside due to fraud - Fraudulent representation made by a partner of plaintiff claiming to represent the defendant society - No authorization or resolution by the society for consent terms was presented, rendering the decree unconscionable. (Paras 1-70)

(B) Fraud in judicial proceedings - A consent decree obtained by fraud is deemed null and void and may be challenged at any time, regardless of prior finality. (Paras 66-71)

Facts of the case:
Dispute arose from a works contract between the plaintiff and defendant society, which resulted in consent terms allowing a substantial monetary liability on the society under duress, with no proper representation or authorization from the society itself, leading to a charge on the society's property. (Paras 2-4)

Findings of Court:
The notice of motion to set aside the consent decree is allowed based on findings that the consent was secured through fraudulent misrepresentation and without proper authority from the defendant society. (Paras 72-72)

Issues: Key issues determined included whether the applicants were members of the society at the time of the decree, and whether the consent decree and amendments were obtained lawfully. (Paras 1-1)

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that the absence of proper authorization from the society constituted fraud, making the consent decree void ab initio. The court also instructed that a fraudulent action cannot result in valid legal consequences. (Paras 66-71)

Result: Notice of motion allowed; consent decree and subsequent amendments set aside.

Table of Content
1. dispute over consent decree regarding property (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9)
2. allegations of fraud in obtaining consent decree (Para 12 , 13 , 14)
3. defense against setting aside the consent decree (Para 15 , 16)
4. court's analysis of membership of society (Para 18 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 32)
5. consent decree resultant of misrepresentation and fraud (Para 34 , 35 , 36 , 71)
6. final ruling on setting aside consent decree (Para 72)

JUDGMENT :

1. This notice of 1motion is taken out by Shri Sankalp Co-operative Housing Society Limited, the defendant and the respondents who claimed to be the members of the defendant society (collectively referred to as ‘the applicants’), to set aside the consent decree passed by this Court on 19th April 1993 and the amendments thereto made by orders dated 28th September 1993, 20th February 1996, 19th December 1996 and 17th February 1999 and the Conveyance of the property of the society executed in favour of the plaintiff in pursuance of the aforesaid consent decree.

2. The genesis of the dispute between the parties is in the works contract, which was entrusted to the plaintiff Time Field Corporation, a partnership firm by the defendant-society, and which resulted in the institution of Suit No.469 of 1978. Thus, to begin with, it would be apposite to note the circumstances in which Suit No. 469 of 1978 came to be instituted and the relief sought therein.

Suit No. 469 of 1978

3. The defendant society came to be registered in the year 1968, under the provisions of the Maharashtra Co-operative Societies Act, 1960 (‘The Act, 1960’) vide registration No.Bombay/Housing/1727 of 1968. The defendant society professed to carry out certain repairs and develop the property, situated at Plot No.23/B/2, Subhash Road, Vile Parle (East), Mumbai (‘subject property’). Thus, an agreement came to be executed between the defendant society and the plaintiff firm, which was carrying on the business of builder and developer. Under the terms of the said agreement dated 20th April 1975, the plaintiff was to carry out the works contract for a lump sum consideration of Rs.2,68,000/-. On the very day, a supplementary agreement came to be executed between the parties, whereunder the plaintiff was allowed to erect construction on the fourth floor, at the cost of Rs.60/- per sq.ft. with right to sell the units constructed on the fourth floor, with the consent of the society. Though, under the Principal Agreement dated 20th April 1975, the work was to be completed within three months, the work remained incomplete. As certain disputes arose, a further agreement came to be executed on 30th April 1976. It was agreed by and between the plaintiff and defendant that the remaining work would be entrusted to the plaintiff on the terms that the defendant society did owe a sum of Rs.40,000/- to the plaintiff, and the plaintiff had the right to sell the flats on the fourth floor of the premises. In the event of default on the part of the defendant society to pay the said sum of Rs.40,000/- to the plaintiff, there would be a charge on the property of the society.

4. It was the claim of the plaintiff that despite execution of the work in pursuance of the aforesaid agreements and certification thereof by Shri V.G. Chemburkar, the then Architect of the defendant, and raising of the bills for the agreed and additional works executed at the instance of the defendant, the defendant failed and neglected to pay a sum of Rs.1,73,350/-. Thus, the plaintiff instituted Suit No.469 of 1978 seeking, inter-alia, a declaration of charge on the society premises, i.e., the land bearing Plot No.23/B/2 and the structure standing thereon for the sum of Rs.1,87,998.50; that the plaintiff was entitled to sell the flats on the fourth floor and the defendant society was bound to admit and accept the persons to whom the plaintiff would sale the

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