IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY
G.S. KULKARNI, JITENDRA JAIN, JJ.
M/s. Vinod Metal & Ors. - Petitioners
Versus
The State of Maharashtra & Ors. - Respondents
Writ Petition (L) Nos. 17026, 17031, 17037, 17039, 17043, 17048, 17050, 17058, 17059 of 2023
Decided On : 18-07-2023
Constitution of India, 1950 - Article 226 - Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 - Section 107, 73(5), 107, (1), (6), (6)(a) and (6)(b) - Functionality of GSTN Portal - Liability of assessee to pay tax - Petitioner in these proceedings has approached Court making a grievance in regard to functionality of GSTN Portal, which according to Petitioner, has prevented it from lodging/filing of a statutory appeal – Held, Interpretation of provisions need to be made to recognise intention of legislature, which is to aid access to justice, which itself is a fundamental right guaranteed under Constitution - When it comes to right of an appeal, as guaranteed by a statutory provision, such right needs to be made effective and meaningful - It cannot be frustrated by shackles of complex procedural formalities - It is certainly a voluntary deposit and which is subject to all contentions of assesse - Also such deposit would be accounted in event of any liability of assessee to pay tax, and would be integral to assessment - Thus, when it comes to compliance of sub-section (6) of Section 107 of CGST Act, namely, mandatory payment of tax, being a condition precedent, mandated in terms of provisions of subsections (6)(a) and (6)(b) of Section 107 of CGST Act - Voluntary deposit as made under protest by Petitioner under provisions of sub-section (5) of Section 73 of CGST Act, cannot be excluded from consideration for purpose of compliance as mandated by sub-section (6) of Section 107 of CGST Act – Petitions allowed.
JUDGMENT :
G.S. Kulkarni, J.
The Petitioner in these proceedings under Article 226 of the Constitution of India has approached this Court making a grievance in regard to the functionality of the GSTN Portal, which according to the Petitioner, has prevented it from lodging/filing of a statutory appeal under the provisions of Section 107 of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 (for short “the CGST Act”), in a situation wherein the Petitioner had intended to take the benefit of the voluntary deposit of the CGST made by the Petitioner under the provisions of sub-section (5) of Section 73 of the CGST Act, in relation to the compliance of the provisions of sub-section (6) of Section 107 of the CGST Act. Such provision mandates that no appeal shall be filed under sub-section (1) of Section 107 of the CGST Act, unless the appellant has paid in full such part of the amount of tax, interest, fine, fee and penalty arising from the impugned order, as admitted by him; and a sum equal to ten per cent of the remaining amount of tax in dispute arising from the said order, in relation to which an appeal is intended to be preferred.
2. To appreciate the contentions as urged by the Petitioner, it would be necessary to note the provisions of Section 73 of the CGST Act, which provide for determination of tax not paid or short paid or erroneously refunded, etc. and the provisions of Section 107 of the CGST Act, which provides for appeals to appellate authority. The said provisions reads thus :
(2) The proper officer shall issue the notice under sub-section (1) at least three months prior to the time limit specified in sub-section (10) for issuance of order.
(3) Where a notice has been issued for any period under sub-section (1), the proper officer may serve a statement, containing the details of tax not paid or short paid or erroneously refunded or input tax credit wrongly availed or utilised for such periods other than those covered under sub-section (1), on the person chargeable with tax.
(4) The service of such statement shall be deemed to be service of notice on such person under sub-section (1), subject to the condition that the grounds relied upon for such tax periods other than those covered under sub-section (1) are the same as are mentioned in the earlier notice.
(5) The person chargeable with tax may, before service of notice under sub-section (1) or, as the case may be, the statement under subsection( 3), pay the amount of tax along with interest payable thereon under section 50 on the basis of his own ascertainment of such tax or the tax as ascertained by the proper officer and inform the proper officer in writing of such payment.
(6) The proper officer, on receipt of such information, shall not serve any notice under sub-section (1) or, as the case may be, the statement under sub-section (3), in respect of the tax so paid or any penalty payable under the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder.
(7) Where the proper officer is of the opinion that the amount paid under sub-section (5) falls sh
Payments made under protest can count as valid pre-deposits under Section 107 of the GST Act, ensuring equitable relief and proper adjudication in tax disputes.
The main legal point established in the judgment is the interpretation of Section 107(6) of the CGST Act, emphasizing the legislative intent to prioritize the financial commitment associated directly....
Procedural delays in GST appeal filings should not invalidate compliance efforts and rights to appeal, especially where the appellant has made good faith attempts to meet statutory requirements.
Petitioner's right to appeal was upheld despite procedural impediments due to frozen bank accounts, allowing extension of limitation for appeal filing.
The court ruled that recovery actions cannot occur within a statutory period following an appellate decision; thus, a prior recovery was impermissible.
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