Important Point
Sentence imposed by Courts should have deterrent effect on potential wrong-doer and it should commensurate with seriousness of offence.

Judgment

K.G. Balakrishnan, J.—Leave granted.

2. This appeal is preferred by the State of Karnataka against sentence imposed on the respondent on the ground of its inadequacy. The respondent was found guilty of offences punishable under Sections 279, 337, 338 and 304A of the Indian Penal Code. The trial ­Magistrate imposed a sentence of six months’ imprisonment on the respondent for the offence punishable under Section 304A IPC. No separate sentence was awarded for offences punishable under Sections 279, 337 & 338 IPC. The respondent filed an appeal against his conviction and sentence, but the appellate court declined to interfere therewith. The respondent thereafter filed a Revision before the High Court and by the impugned judgment the learned Single Judge confirmed the conviction of the respondent on the three counts, but as regards the offence punishable under Section 304A, the sentence was reduced to payment of a fine of Rs. 5,000/- and in default thereof, the respondent was to undergo simple imprisonment for three months. The learned Judge had chosen to impose a sentence for the offence under Section 337 IPC with a fine of Rs. 500/-, in default to simple imprisonment for 15 days: and for the offence under Section 338 IPC with a fine of Rs. 550/-, in default to simple imprisonment for 15 days. No separate sentence was awarded for the offence punishable under Section 279 IPC.

3. We heard learned counsel on both sides. Learned counsel for the appellant-State contended that this is a case where the respondent was found guilty of rash and negligent driving which resulted in the death of four persons and injury to one person. The learned Single Judge, it was submitted, was unduly lenient by awarding a light sentence to the respondent. It was submitted that this has caused a serious miscarriage of justice and, therefore, the impugned judgment be altered by awarding appropriate sentence on the respondent.

4. For the purpose of this case, we would very briefly narrate the facts.

One Dr. Venkatesh Kanakareddy, along with members of his family proceeded to Mysore in a car from his native village Mahalingapur on 3.8.1991 to visit his son who was studying there. PW-2, who was working as a Compounder in his nursing home, also accompanied Dr. Venkatesh Kanakareddy. They spent the night of 3.8.1991 at Mysore and at 8.00 PM on 4.8.1991 left Mysore. By about 7.30 AM on the next day, i.e. 5.8.1991, they reached a place called Todas Cross near Hubli. The car driven by Dr. Venkatesh had a head-on collision with a mini lorry No. KA 25-1040 driven by the respondent-accused. As a result of the collision, the right front wheel of the car burst and the driver of the car lost control of the vehicle and it dashed against a nearby tree. Dr. Venkatesh Kanakareddy, his wife and another occupant of the car died on the spot and one person was injured. The injured was removed to the nearby hospital, but he also succumbed to his injuries later on. The trial Magistrate and the appellate court found the respondent guilty of offences punishable under Sections 279, 337, 338 and 304A IPC based on the evidence adduced by the prosecution. In Revision, the learned Single Judge of the High Court also confirmed the conviction of the respondent, but modified the sentence, for which the reasons recorded in paragraph 2 of his judgment are as under:

“From the evidence, it is apparent that due to bursting of the front tyre, the car went to right side of the road and that is how the collision took place. While to this extent the petitioner could be said to be innocent and while that aspect of innocence could certainly influence the decision relating to sentence. I am of the opinion that the accident having taken place at 7.00 a.m., with no other vehicles being on the road and when it is as wide a road as of 40 feet width totally, the negligence on the part of the petitioner lies in the fact that he did not make any efforts to avoid the collision. It