2005(2) Bankmann 166
KERALA HIGH COURT
M. Sasidharan Nambiar, J.
Francis Mathew — Petitioner
versus
State of Kerala — Respondent
Crl. R.P. No. 2009/2004
Decided on 17-2-2005
Facts of the case
(A)Present revision is filed against the conviction of accused in a complaint filed under Section 138 of Negotiable Instruments Act. Second respondent herein was the complainant. Case of R2 was that accused promised to secure a job for his brother, thereby obtained Rs. 80,000 and when he failed to arrange job, R2 demanded back the amount, upon which the accused issued a cheque for the said amount which was dishonoured on presentation. The accused/petitioner contended that cheque was not issued towards discharge of any legally enforceable debt, therefore he could not be convicted.
(B)First of all, petitioner has no case that he had received any amount as bribe from R2. If the amount claimed was for realization of the amount agreed to be paid as bribe, it could have been said that contract is unenforceable as opposed to public policy, but the case herein is different. As petitioner accused not arranged the job, R2 claimed back the amount. On the facts and circumstances claim under P2 cheque cannot said to be unenforceable as opposed to public policy. Petitioner accused is not entitled to retain the amount, which he received unlawfully and illegally. Petitioner cannot be permitted to be benefited by retaining the amount which he is not entitled to. Therefore the claim under Ex P2 cheque cannot be rejected on the ground that it is opposed to public policy. However, considering the nature of offence, interest of justice will be met if sentence is modified. Petitioner is sentenced to imprisonment for 15 days and compensation of Rs. 80,000/- and in default simple imprisonment for 1 month.
Result: Petition allowed.
M. Sasidharan Nambiar, J. —Accused in C.C. No. 838/99 on the file of Judicial First Class Magistrate-1, Aluva is the revision petitioner. Second respondent was the complainant. Petitioner was convicted and sentenced to simple imprisonment for six months and compensation of Rs. 80,000 and in default simple imprisonment for six months for the offence under Section 138 of Negotiable Instruments Act. Petitioner challenged conviction and sentence before Additional Sessions Judge, North Paravur in Crl A. No. 590/03. Learned Additional Sessions Judge after analysing and re-appraising the evidence confirmed conviction and sentence and dismissed appeal. Petitioner has preferred this revision from jail. Advocate Krishna Kumar was appointed as State Brief.
2. Case of second respondent was that petitioner promising to secure a job for Rasheed, brother of P.W.1, in Premier Tyres Ltd., Kalamassery obtained Rs. 80,000 and when he failed to arrange job second respondent demanded back the amount and then petitioner issued Ext. P2 cheque towards repayment of the amount and when Ext. P2 was presented for encashment, under Exts. P3 and P4 it was dishonoured for want of sufficient funds. Under Ext. P5 second respondent demanded the amount covered by cheque, which was not accepted by petitioner and was returned back under Ext. P6. Petitioner did not pay the amount and thereby committed offence under Section 138 of Negotiable Instruments Act. Petitioner pleaded not guilty. P.W.1 was examined and Exts. P1 to P6 were marked. Petitioner did not adduce any evidence. Learned Magistrate on the evidence found that Ext. P2 cheque was issued towards discharge of existing liability and it was dishonoured for want of sufficient funds and second respondent had complied with all statutory formalities provided under the Act and petitioner committed offence under Section 138 of Negotiable Instruments Act. He was accordingly convicted and sentenced. Learned Sessions Judge analysed and reappraised the evidence and confirmed the conviction and sentence.
3. Advocate Mr. Krishna Kumar vehemently argued that Ext. P2 cheque was not issued towards discharge of any legally enforceable debt and according to second respondent it was issued towards payment of amount obtained by petitioner for arranging a job to brother of second respondent which is opposed to public policy and therefore it is not a legally enforceable debt and on that ground petitioner cannot be convicted under Section 138 of Negotiable Instruments Act. Learned counsel relied on the decision reported in Central Inland Water Transport Corporation Ltd. & Anr. v. Brojo Nath Ganguly & Anr.1; A.R.P.L. Palaniappa Chettiar v. P.L.A.R. Arunasalam Chettiar2 and Associated Cement Companies Ltd. v. State of Rajasthan & Anr.3 and vehemently argued that if second respondent cannot be permitted to realise the amount which was paid by first respondent for arranging job as it is opposed to public policy and if permitted it would be permitting acceptance of bribe. Contending that it is to be found that Ext. P2 was not issued towards discharge of any legally enforceable debt learned counsel would submit that the conviction is unsustainable.
4. First of all, petitioner has no case that he had received any amount as bribe from second respondent. Petitioner is admittedly not an employee of Premier Tyres. What was alleged by second respondent was that petitioner promised that he could arrange employment for the brother of first respondent and towards that, he had received Rs. 80,000. That amount was paid by the first respondent. On the failure of petitioner to arrange job, second respondent demanded back the amount. Petitioner then issued Ext. P1 cheque. Question is whether such payment could be termed unlawful and opposed to public policy as canvassed by learned counsel appearing for revision petitioner. On going through the decision relied on by learned counsel appearing for petitioner, if the amount claimed was for
1.Central Inland Water Transport Corporation Ltd. & Anr. v. Brojo Nath Ganguly & Anr.
3.Associated Cement Companies Ltd. v. State of Rajasthan & Anr.
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