Imam, J.

1. These twenty miscellaneous Judicial cases, namely, Miscellaneous Judicial Cases Nos. 698 to 713 of 1954 and 164 of 1954, were heard together for the sake of convenience and also because the same points are involved in these cases: this judgment governs all these miscellaneous judicial cases. These applications were filed under Arts. 226 and 227 of the Constitution of India. The case of these petitioners is that they have been carrying on business of stage carriage service in the districts of Gaya and Patna for a long time that the petitioners had been granted permits in the past for this business, and the permits had been renewed from time to time by the authorities; that when the permits were about to expire, the petitioners had filed applications for renewal of their permits and had complied with all the requirements of law, but in spite of this, the Regional Transport Authority concerned, by its order passed in its meeting, rejected the applications for renewal of their permits on the ground that the Government of Bihar proposed to run the services in certain areas of Gaya and Patna districts.

These petitioners, however, were granted temporary permits so that