SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

1958 Supreme(Pat) 154

PATNA HIGH COURT
Raj Kishore Prasad, J.
Imperial Bank Of India
Versus
Mt.Bibi Sayeedan
Appeal from Original Decree No. 295 of 1953 ;
Decided On : SEPTEMBER 30, 1958

1. Non-compliance with the first part of Order 21, Rule 46(2) of the CPC, requiring the prohibitory order to be affixed on a conspicuous part of the court house, does not render the attachment invalid, as it is a curable defect under Section 99 of the CPC. 2. A bank is not entitled to insist on a Succession Certificate before paying a debt to a decree-holder, where the decree-holder and the judgment-debtors are all heirs of the deceased judgment-debtor and are parties to the suit and the decree under execution.

Headnote:

GARNISHEE PROCEEDING - ATTACHMENT - ORDER 21, RULE 46 OF THE CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE - COMPLIANCE - INTERPRETATION - EFFECT OF NON-COMPLIANCE - SUCCESSION CERTIFICATE - NECESSITY - MUHAMMADAN LAW - DOWER DEBT - LIABILITY OF HEIRS.

Fact of the Case:

The appellant, a bank, challenged a garnishee proceeding initiated against it by the decree-holder-respondent to recover a debt owed by the bank to the deceased judgment-debtor, Nadir Ali. The bank argued that the attachment of the debt under Order 21, Rule 46 of the Code of Civil Procedure (CPC) was invalid due to non-compliance with the mandatory provisions of Rule 46(2), which requires the prohibitory order to be affixed on a conspicuous part of the court house and a copy to be sent to the person in possession of the debt. The bank also contended that it was not bound to pay the money without a Succession Certificate, as required under Section 214 of the Indian Succession Act.

Finding of the Court:

The court held that the attachment of the debt under Order 21, Rule 46 of the CPC was valid and that the bank was bound to pay the money to the decree-holder-respondent. The court found that the prohibitory order was served on the bank and that there was no evidence to suggest that the first part of Rule 46(2) was not complied with. The court also held that the bank was not entitled to insist on a Succession Certificate, as the decree-holder-respondent and the judgment-debtors were all heirs of the deceased judgment-debtor and were parties to the suit and the decree under execution.

Issues: 1. Whether the attachment of the debt under Order 21, Rule 46 of the CPC was valid despite the alleged non-compliance with Rule 46(2)? 2. Whether the bank was bound to pay the money to the decree-holder-respondent without a Succession Certificate?

Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court held that the attachment of the debt was valid because: - The prohibitory order was served on the bank, as evidenced by the bank's acknowledgment in its letter dated 25-11-1949. - There was no evidence to suggest that the first part of Rule 46(2), requiring the prohibitory order to be affixed on a conspicuous part of the court house, was not complied with. - The failure to comply with the first part of Rule 46(2) would not render the attachment invalid, as it was a curable defect under Section 99 of the CPC. 2. The court held that the bank was not entitled to insist on a Succession Certificate because: - The decree-holder-respondent and the judgment-debtors were all heirs of the deceased judgment-debtor and were parties to the suit and the decree under execution. - Under Muhammadan Law, the heirs of a deceased Muhammadan are not personally liable for the dower debt, but each heir is liable for the debt to the extent of a share of the debt proportionate to the share of the estate. - The decree-holder-respondent had undertaken to indemnify the bank in case any other heir came forward and claimed the money.

Final Decision: The court dismissed the bank's appeal and upheld the garnishee proceeding against it, ordering the bank to pay the money to the decree-holder-respondent.

Judgment

Raj Kishore Prasad, J.

1. This appeal by the garnished arises out of a garnishee proceeding in which the objection of the appellant has been rejected.

2. In order to appreciate the points raised in the appeal It is necessary to set out briefly the relevant facts material for the decision of the present appeal :

3. The decree-holder-respondent, who is the widow of one Nadir Ali, obtained a decree on account of her dower debt against the heirs of her deceased husband Nadir Ali in a money suit brought by her against them. This decree was put into execution, and, the decretal amount was sought to be realised from the assets of Nadir Ali in the hands of his heirs.

4. Nadir Ali had a Fixed Deposit Account with the Imperial Bank of India at Gaya, to the tune of Rs. 6,090.00 in his name. During the pendency of the money suit brought by the decree-holder, in which the decree under execution was passed, the plaintiff-decree-holder respondent on 17-11-1949, made an application under Order 38, Rule 5 and Sec.151 of the Code of Civil Procedure, and prayed for issue of an attachment before judgment. On that application the trial Judge passed the following order :

"Issue notice to defendants to show cases why the attachment before judgment sought should not be allowed. This should be done after plaintiff files requisites by 24-11-1949. Meanwhile a copy of this order and petition may be forwarded to the Agent of the Imperial Bank of India, at Gaya requesting him not to make payment of this money to any party till further orders."

On receipt of this prohibitory order the Imperial Bank of India, the appellant, sent a reply on 25-11-1949, to the following effect:

"With reference to your Attachment Order dated 17-11-1949, we beg to advise that we do not appear to maintain any current account in the name of the late Nadir Ali.

The late Nadir AH maintained a Fixed Deposit Account with us the proceeds of which amounting to Rs. 6,090.00 are held by us in suspense and we have noted not to pay this amount to any one without the production of Succession Certificate and unless this Prohibitory Order has been withdrawn by the Court."

This reply of the appellant was acknowledged by the trial Judge and ordered to be kept on the record by his order No. 16, dated 30-11-1949. No cause having been shown by the defendant, attachment before judgment was issued on 11-1-1950. The order passed by the trial Judge on the said date is in the following terms :

"Notice to show cause why attachment before judgment be not issued served on all the defendants. Cause not shown. Plaintiffs pleader urges that attachment before judgment be issued in respect of Rs. 6,000.00 which is lying in fixed deposit in the Imperial Bank of Gaya in the name of the husband of the plaintiff and Rs. 2,000.00 as ijara money under a registered ijara deed executed by Mosst. Mahmooda in favour of the plaintiffs husband. Requisites for issue of attachment before judgment filed. Let attachment before judgment be new issued as prayed for returnable by 25-1-1950."

The attachment issued in pursuance of the above order of the Court was served and it was so recorded in the order sheet of the Court below under order No. 22 dated 20-2-1950.

5 When ultimately a decree was passed in favour of the plaintiff-decree-holder respondent and when it was put into execution a notice under Order 21, Rule 63A was issued to the appellant. In response to the notice issued to the appellant under Order 21, Rule 63A of the Civil Procedure Code, the Bank-appellant filed an objection before the executing Court on 29-8-1951. The principal objection of the appellant was, as mentioned in paragraph 2, Clause (i) of the objection, that unless Letters of Administration of Succession Certificate are produced the Bank would not get an effective discharge in respect of "the debts" due by the Bank to Nadir Ali, deceased. There was also an objection regarding attachment. The learned Subordinate Judge by his order dated 4-12-1952,






























Click Here to Read the rest of this document
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Judicial Analysis

AI

SupremeToday Portrait Ad
supreme today icon
logo-black

An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

Please visit our Training & Support
Center or Contact Us for assistance

qr

Scan Me!

India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

whatsapp-icon Back to top