1979 Supreme(Pat) 201
PATNA HIGH COURT
P.S.Sahay and . JJ.
Chandra Brothers
Versus
State Of Bihar
Criminal Miscellaneous No. 1211 of 1979 ;
Decided On : SEPTEMBER 3, 1979
A financier is entitled to seize a vehicle under the terms of a hire-purchase agreement in the event of default by the hirer.
Headnote:
HIRE PURCHASE AGREEMENT - SEIZURE OF VEHICLE - RIGHT OF FINANCIER - ILLEGAL SEIZURE BY POLICE - RELEASE OF VEHICLE - CONDITIONS.
Fact of the Case:
A hire-purchase agreement was entered into between the petitioner company and opposite party no.2 for a mini bus. Due to default in payment of instalments, the petitioner company seized the vehicle under the terms of the agreement. The police seized the vehicle at the instance of opposite party no.2. The petitioner company filed an application before the Chief Judicial Magistrate for the release of the vehicle, which was allowed. Opposite party no.2 filed a criminal revision before the Sessions Judge, who set aside the order of the Chief Judicial Magistrate and directed the release of the vehicle in favor of opposite party no.2.
Finding of the Court:
The court held that the seizure of the vehicle by the police was illegal and unjustified. The court also held that the petitioner company was entitled to seize the vehicle under the terms of the hire-purchase agreement. The court further held that the release of the vehicle in favor of opposite party no.2 would amount to putting a premium on his fraud.
Issues: 1. Whether the seizure of the vehicle by the police was illegal and unjustified? 2. Whether the petitioner company was entitled to seize the vehicle under the terms of the hire-purchase agreement? 3. Whether the release of the vehicle in favor of opposite party no.2 would amount to putting a premium on his fraud?
Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court held that the seizure of the vehicle by the police was illegal and unjustified because no criminal case had been registered in relation to the vehicle. 2. The court held that the petitioner company was entitled to seize the vehicle under the terms of the hire-purchase agreement because opposite party no.2 had defaulted in payment of instalments. 3. The court held that the release of the vehicle in favor of opposite party no.2 would amount to putting a premium on his fraud because he had defaulted in payment of instalments and had taken forcible possession of the vehicle.
Final Decision: The court set aside the order of the Sessions Judge and restored the order of the Chief Judicial Magistrate, which had released the vehicle in favor of the petitioner company.
P. S. Sahay, J.
1. This application is directed against the order of the learned Sessions Judge dated 4-4-1979 by which he was directed the release of vehicle BHP - 5566 in favour of Opp. party No.2 on furnishing bond.
2. In order to appreciate the point raised in this application, it is necessary to state some facts. The petitioner-Company is a financier of kanpur and a hire-purchase agreement was entered into between the petitioner company on one hand and opposite party No.2 on the other regarding a Mini Bus bhp - 5566. A copy of the aforesaid agreement has been filed alongwith this application and marked Annexure 1. The opposite party No.2 had to pay instalments and under clause V of the aforesaid agreement, if there was a default, the petitioner Company as financier was entitled to take possession of the Vehicle. There was a default in payment of the instalments for which an application under Sec.20 of the Indian arbitration Act was filed before the Subordinate Judge No.11, Patna which gave rise to Title Suit No.103 of 1978. In the aforesaid suit the learned Subordinate Judge by his order dated 10-8-1978 held that the patna Court had no territorial jurisdiction to try the suit and the application was, therefore, ordered to be returned. It is stated in the petition that on 27-5-1978 one of the guarantors under the agreement (Annexure 1)Shri Baijnath Singh made over possession of the aforesaid vehicle to the petitioner-Company and it was kept in the custody of Ram Sanhai Singh of Nalanda Coach Body Builders, Ranchi Road, Bihar Sharif. An information to this effect was also filed before the Bihar Sharif police. Thereafter at the instance of oppsite party No.2 the vehicle was seized by the police on 30-5-1978 and was taken away from the custody of Ram Sanhai Singh. According to the case of opposite party No.2, the vehicle was taken away forcibly by the employees of the petitioner Company for which information was given to the Patna Police on 26-4-1978, vide Annexure-A of the application filed on behalf of opposite party No.2 on 10-5-1979 for vacating the ad interim order of stay passed by this Court on 12-4-1979. Applications were filed before the chief Judicial Magistrate, Bihar Sharif on behalf of opposite party No.2 for the release of the vehicle, one on 31-7-1978 and another on 19-8-1978 because the vehicle was kept under the jurisdiction of the aforesaid Magistrate. A similar application was also filed on behalf of petitioner on 24-8-1978 for the release of the vehicle. The learned Chief Judicial Magistrate by his order dated 7-9-1978 ordered the Mini Bus in question to be released in favour of the petitioner Company on furnishing a bond of Rs 75,000/- with two sureties of the like amount. A bond was duly executed by petitioner no.2 Ashfaq Ahmad on behalf of the petitioner Company on 8-9-1978 and the possession of the vehicle was accordingly taken on behalf of the petitioner Company and thereafter taken to Kanpur. The opposite party no.2 filed a criminal revision before the Sessions Judge, Nalanda at Bihar Sharif which gave rise to Criminal revison no.183 of 1978. The learned Sessions Judge by his order dated 4-4-1979 allowed the application and set aside the order of the learned chief Judicial Magistrate dated 7-9-1978 and directed that the vehicle in question be released in favour of opposite party no.2 on furnishing a bond of Rs.75,000/-. Being aggrieved by the aforesaid order, the petitioner company alongwith one of its employees has moved this Court and the impugned order was stayed. Later an application was filed on behalf of opposite party no.2 for vacating the order of stay in which it has been stated that the vehicle was always in his possession and it was the financier the petitioner Company, who took forcible possession of the same for which informations were lodged before the police. It has also been stated that the Chief Judicial Magistrate passed the order without hearing opposite party no.2, who was