IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
ASHUTOSH KUMAR and NAWNEET KUMAR PANDEY, JJ.
LPA No.82 of 2022 in CWJC No.2298 of 2021
(14.11.2022)
Mahendra Rishideo & Ors. ... Appellant
vs.
Union of India & Ors. ... Respondents
Representation of People Act, 1951 – Section 84 – Absence of requisite caste qualification to contest election from a reserved constituency – Assuming but not admitting that certificate issued by Collector was bad in eyes of law, but it has yet not been cancelled – In no proceeding whatsoever has it been determined whether such certificate was issued on false declaration by respondent about his caste – Such disqualification continues as long as Constituency remains reserved for a scheduled castes – Writ of quo warranto cannot be issued in a collateral proceedings – As long as scheduled caste certificate issued by District Magistrate is not nullified/cancelled, appellants would not be in a position to seek any direction for a declaration of election of respondent to be bad in eyes of law – Court not inclined to interfere with order passed by Single Judge – Appeal dismissed. (Paras 8 to 13)
Ashutosh Kumar, J.—Heard Mr. P.K. Shahi, learned senior Advocate for the appellants and Mr. Sonit Kumar for the Election Commission of India. The Union of India is represented by Mr. Lokesh.
2. The appellants are the voters of a particular Constituency from where the respondent no.11 has been declared elected as a M.L.A.
3. The appellants contend that the respondent no.11 won the election from a reserved Constituency, meant for scheduled caste candidate but, the respondent no.11 is not a person of scheduled caste candidate.
4. The respondent no.11 appears to have relied upon a certificate issued in his favour by the concerned District Magistrate declaring that he belongs to “Chaupal” caste which is included in the State list of schedule castes.
5. It is the contention of the appellants that the State Government is not authorized to make any addition or alternation in the list of Schedule Castes, which is maintained by the Union in accordance with Article 341 of the Constitution of India.
6. When the appellants had approached the learned Single Judge for issuance of a writ of quo warranto against the respondent no.11, as he did not have the requisite caste qualification to contest the election from a constituency which was reserved for scheduled castes only, the learned Single Judge rejected the petition on the sole ground that the certificate of caste issued by the Collector, has not been cancelled and therefore the petition for issuance of quo warranto against the respondent no.11 would not be maintainable.
7. Mr. Shahi however has contended that the certificate issued by the Collector is void ab initio as he has issued the certificate without any jurisdiction. He further submits that the respondent no.11 had earlier contested the election of Panchayat as an E.B.C. candidate. He therefore deduces that the respondent no.11 is also guilty of confabulating with the authorities in procuring a certificate of scheduled caste in order to enable him to contest the election from such reserved seat. The disqualification attached to the respondent no.11 operates proprio-vigore as he never was a member of the schedule caste and has staked this claim only on the basis of a certificate which was issued erroneously.
8. After having given anxious consideration to the arguments advanced on behalf of the appellants who are the voters of the Constituency, we have arrived at a view that assuming but not admitting that the certificate issued by the Collector was bad in the eyes of law, but it has yet not been cancelled. In no proceeding whatsoever has it been determined whether such certificate was issued on the false declaration by respondent no.11 about his caste.
9. We have also gone through the averments made in the writ petition in which, interalia, two simultaneous reliefs were sought viz. quashing of the certificate issued by the Collector in favour of the respondent no.11 and issuance of a writ of quo warranto as no person not belonging to scheduled caste could not have contested the election from a reserved seat of scheduled caste and be declared elected. Such disqualification continues as long as the Constituency remains reserved for a scheduled castes.
10. We are thus of the view that one of the prayers made before the Writ Court would have required it decide the issue viz. the correctness of the certificate which would be been very different and distinct from any proceeding under writ of quo warranto. It is by now apodictic that a writ of quo warranto cannot be issued in a collateral proceedings; that is to say, an exercise is required to be done to hold the certificate, which is the basis of being elected, as bad and then only quo warranto notice can be issued to the respondent no.11 at the request of the appellants, who are, in the present case, the voters of the Constituency [refer to Bharati Reddy vs. State of Karnataka and Others; 2018 (6) SCC 162].
11. Tested on this principle, we do not find any fault with the order passed by the learned
Caste certificates must be challenged through statutory procedures, not writ petitions; disputes regarding caste status are to be resolved within the framework of the applicable legislation.
In cases of false and bogus caste validity certificates, it is not necessary to approach the Caste Scrutiny Committees, and the Commissioner has the authority to disqualify a candidate.
The judgment underscores the significance of adhering to statutory limitations and pursuing alternative legal remedies for challenging election disputes, while also emphasizing the requirement of pub....
A candidate's eligibility to contest in elections must align with the reservation categories at the time of nomination, and subsequent changes in caste status do not retroactively validate an electio....
The Caste Scrutiny Committee's determination of caste validity is exclusive and cannot be challenged in election petitions without clear evidence of fraud or error.
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