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2022 Supreme(Pat) 920

P. B. BAJANTHRI and PURNENDU SINGH, JJ.
LPA No.1123 of 2018 in CWJC No.11678 of 2009
(13.12.2022)
Prabesh Kumar Jha ... Appellant
vs.
Life Insurance Corporation of
India & Ors. ... Respondents

Advocates:
For the Appellant : M/s Suraj Kumar, Pramod Mishra.
For the Respondents: M/s Rakesh Kumar, Abhimanyu Vatsa, Rashi Kant Singh, Sameer Sawarn.

Headnote:

Service Law – Distinction between Resignation and Voluntary Retirement – One of basic distinction between resignation and voluntary retirement is that in case of resignation it can be tendered at any time, but in case of voluntary retirement, it can only be sought for after rendering prescribed period of qualifying service – Other fundamental distinction is that in case of former, normally retiral benefits are denied, but in case of latter, same is not denied – In case of resignation, permission or notice is not mandated, while in case of voluntary retirement, permission of employer concerned is a requisite condition – Though resignation is a bilateral concept, and becomes effective on acceptance by competent authority, yet general rule can be displaced by express provisions to the contrary. (Para 17)

Life Insurance Corporation of India (Employees) Pension Rules, 1995 – Rules 23 and 31 – LIC of India (Staff) Rules, 1960 – Rule 18(1) – Pension – Resignation from service – Appellant has actually completed more than 20 years of his services which qualifies him for full pension and he had intended to seek voluntary retirement – Rule 18 of LIC of India (Staff) Rules, 1960 does not dissimulate between termination of service by way of resignation on one hand and voluntary retirement on other – Appellant had completed 20 years of qualifying service and had given notice of not less than 90 days in writing to appointing authority of his intention to leave service and appointing authority had accepted notice of appellant and relieved him from service – Object of Pension Rules is to extend benefits to a class of people to tide over crisis and vicissitudes of old age – Respondent authority ought to have not deprived pensionary benefit merely on technicality – Appellant is entitled for pension along with interest accrued thereupon – Impugned judgment passed by Single Judge set aside – Appeal allowed. (Paras 12, 13, 15, 16, 18 and 21)

Purnendu Singh, J. – In the present appeal, appellant has assailed the order dated 07.03.2018 passed in C.W.J.C. No. 11678 of 2009 whereby and whereunder learned Single Judge was pleased to dismiss the writ application filed on behalf of the appellant.

2. The brief facts of the case are that the appellant was appointed on 01.03.1985 on the post of Assistant in the Life Insurance Corporation of India. He joined Jhanjharpur Branch on 07.03.1985. He was promoted to the post of Assistant Administrative Officer (A.A.O) in December, 1999. The appellant submitted an application dated 06.07.2006 before the Zonal Manager, Kolkata through proper channel tendering his resignation from the service which was forwarded to the Manager, LIC of India, Muzaffarpur on 07.07.2006. The appellant submitted another letter addressed to the Branch Manager on 22.09.2006 with the prayer to accept his resignation as submitted earlier. The resignation was accepted and it was conveyed to the appellant vide letter dated 14.10.2006 by the Senior Divisional Manager, Muzaffarpur. The Divisional Office, Muzaffarpur made letter dated 07.12.2006 requesting the Branch Manager, LIC of India, Block Office, Jhanjharpur to settle the terminal benefits to the appellant. When no action was taken, the appellant under Right to Information Act, 2005 on 08.06.2007 sought information from the Chairman, LIC of India, Jeevan Marg, Mumbai as to why he was not paid his retiral benefits. The Manager (CRM) vide letter dated 29.10.2007 in response to the information sought by the appellant had communicated to him that the resignation tendered by the appellant was accepted by the competent authority and as is not entitled for pensionary benefits in terms of Rule 23 of the LIC Employee Pension Rules. The appellant sought clarification vide letter dated 03.11.2007 from the Right to Information Department, Central Office, Mumbai in respect of communication dated 29.10.2007 regarding denial of his pensionary benefits. The RTI department informed if he is aggrieved by letter dated 29.10.2007 he may prefer an appeal within 30 days before the Senior Divisional Manager Operator, LIC of India, Divisional Office, Muzaffarpur. The appellant instead of preferring appeal filed his representation dated 10.12.2007 before the Chairman, LIC of India, Mumbai to the effect that due to inadvertence he had written the word ‘resignation’ in place of ‘voluntary retirement’ in his application dated 07.07.2006 and he requested that his request of resignation should be treated as request seeking voluntary retirement as the same has been made inadvertently. The appellant made his request again before the Chairman, LIC of India, Mumbai vide letter dated 19.05.2008 for grant of pension. Thereafter, the appellant filed his detailed representation before the Hon’ble President of India on 07.11.2008 raising his grievance. The Presidential Secretariat vide Letter No. P1B 2981 dated 14.11.2008 directed the Secretary, Financial Sector, Ministry of Finance, Government of India, New Delhi to inquire into the matter. In absence of any communication, the appellant vide letter dated 15.01.2009 wrote a letter to the Secretary, Financial Sector, Ministry of Finance, New Delhi for taking appropriate action. In absence of any positive response, he again submitted his petition on 04.04.2009 before the Hon’ble President of India making his submission that he did not opt for resignation rather for voluntary retirement and he should be covered under Chapter V Rule 31 of LIC Pension Rules instead of Chapter IV Rule 23.

3. Being aggrieved and dissatisfied by the action of the respondent-L.I.C., the appellant filed C.W.J.C. No. 11678 of 2009 for the following reliefs: –

“1. That the petitioner above named craves indulgence of this Hon’ble Court for issuance of a writ preferably in the nature of Mandamus commanding and directing the respondents concerned to pay the petitioner pension and other due retiral benefits as the petitioner aft

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