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2008 Supreme(Cal) 409

SANJIB BANERJEE, J.
Rajendra Kumar Jajodia
versus
Puja Jajodia (Nee Roy).
G. A. No.70 of 2008
Decided on - 17 -4 -2008

Advocates appeared:
Jayanta Kumar Mitra, Sr. Adv., Sarbapriya Mukherjee, Santoh Kumar Roy, for Plaintiff; Suman Dutta, Atish Ghosh, Satyabrata Chakraborty, Niloy Sengupta, for Defendant.

Admissions in pleadings can be the basis for a decree for divorce only if they are clear and unequivocal and there is no reason to suspect collusion.

Headnote:

DIVORCE - ADMISSION IN PLEADINGS - IRRETRIEVABLE BREAKDOWN OF MARRIAGE - ADMISSIONS IN WRITTEN STATEMENT - INTERPRETATION - COURT'S DISCRETION - APPLICABILITY OF ORDER XII, RULE 6 OF CPC - CONDITIONS FOR GRANT OF DECREE ON ADMISSION - DISTINCTION BETWEEN ADMISSION OF INDEBTEDNESS AND ADMISSION OF IRRETRIEVABLE BREAKDOWN OF MARRIAGE - NEED FOR ESTABLISHING CRUELTY AS GROUND FOR DIVORCE - WIFE'S COUNTER-ALLEGATIONS OF CRUELTY - ABSENCE OF ADMISSION OF DIVORCE IN WIFE'S WRITTEN STATEMENT - KOHLI DICTUM NOT APPLICABLE IN ABSENCE OF IRRETRIEVABLE BREAKDOWN OF MARRIAGE AS STATUTORY GROUND FOR DIVORCE OR EXERCISE OF POWERS UNDER ARTICLE 141 OF THE CONSTITUTION - PETITION DISMISSED.

Fact of the Case:

Husband seeks divorce based on wife's apparent admission in pleadings that there is irretrievable breakdown of marriage. Wife denies admission and claims husband's cruelty and constructive desertion.

Finding of the Court:

Court finds that the wife's averments in the written statement are not an admission of the husband's case of cruelty but are counter-allegations of spiteful behavior against the husband and his in-laws. There is no admission of divorce in the wife's written statement.

Issues: 1. Whether the admissions in the wife's written statement are sufficient to grant a decree for divorce on the ground of irretrievable breakdown of marriage? 2. Whether the principle recognized in Order XII, Rule 6 of the CPC can be applied to matrimonial proceedings?

Ratio Decidendi: 1. Admissions in pleadings can be the basis for a decree for divorce only if they are clear and unequivocal and there is no reason to suspect collusion. 2. The admission sought to be relied upon by the husband is demonstrably a counter-charge of cruelty by the wife against the husband. 3. The wife's averments in the written statement are no admission of the plaintiff's case of cruelty but are counter allegations of spiteful behavior scornfully made against her husband and her in-laws. 4. The admission that the plaintiff searches for is of divorce, not of cruelty in the relationship. 5. The admission that the plaintiff finds in the written statement is of mutual abhorrence and disgust, but there is no admission as to divorce in the wife's odium.

Final Decision: Petition for divorce dismissed.

ORDER :- The plaintiff seeks a divorce on the apparent admission in pleadings by the wife. The husband says that in view of the averments in the written statement and in the affidavit-in-opposition to the present petition, there is admission of the irretrievable breakdown in the marriage that is writ large for a decree that he longs for to be made well ahead of the trial.

2. The husband has relied on paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 of the written statement and a sentence each from paragraphs

14 and 16 thereof for the immediate judgment that he desires :

"2. The parties were married to each other in 1991 and since then the petitioner is treating the respondent with extreme cruelty. The petitioner has also deserted the respondent and their child, Raveera. The petitioner has refused to accept the child as his own in view of the fact that she is an adoptive child. There has at such occurred irretrievable break down of marriage. Reconciliation between the parties has become impossible."

"3. The respondent in view of the extremely bitter relationship between the parties, had agreed to divorce the petitioner on condition that the petitioner makes payment of a sum of Rs. 20 lakhs (Rupees twenty lakhs) as permanent alimony and Rs. 10,000/- (Rupees ten thousand) per month for maintenance of the child, Raveera. This amount shall be needed by the respondent for her upkeep and for the purpose of bringing up the child. The petitioner however refused to make payment of such money and is insisting upon divorce, without making payment of such amount, which the petitioner is not ready to accept."

"4. If at all divorce ought to be granted, the same should be granted at the request of the respondent for reason of the cruelty meted out by the petitioner to the respondent."

"14..........I agree that it has come to a point that it is no longer possible (for) me to co-exist with the petitioner."

"16............I state that I have been living apart from the petitioner for more than a year and I am happy to stay this way."

3. The husband also refers to sub-paragraphs 2(b), 2(e) and 2(f) of the affidavit used by the wife in the present proceedings. At paragraph 2(b) the wife says that it is for the plaintiff to prove to the satisfaction of the Court that grounds for divorce exist and such is the mandatory requirement of law. She says that the onus is on the husband to prove the grounds that he alleges and no summary decree on the basis of "purported admissions" can be made. She asserts at paragraph 2(e) that in her written statement she has denied what the plaintiff has alleged in the plaint. She adds that the plaintiff and his family members had continuously mistreated and chided her for her inability to conceive a child which had led to the two growing, and ultimately, living apart. The wife has complained of the husband's continuing misbehaviour both towards her and their adopted daughter. At paragraph 2(f) she says that it was the plaintiff who had deserted her and their child without any bona fide reason. At paragraph 6 of her affidavit, the wife has denied the admission that the husband has attempted to cull out from her written statement.

4. The wife does not agree to the decree that the husband craves, insists that she does not consent to the grant of divorce against receipt of a sum of Rs. 20 lakh and claims that the plaintiff is liable to pay maintenance for their adopted daughter. The wife says that she is willing to live with her husband but her husband has to mend his ways.

5. The plaintiff refers to a judgment reported at AIR 1965 SC 364 (Mahendra Manilal Nanavati v. Sushila Mahendra Nanavati) and submits that a decree for divorce may be granted on admission. Paragraphs 19 to 24, 27 and 28 of the report have been placed. The matter reached the Supreme Court on a certificate granted by the Bombay High Court in proceedings for annulment of the marriage under Section 12 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 on the ground that the wife was, at the time of marriage, pre






















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