HIGH COURT OF CALCUTTA
A. K. Sarkar
BENODE CHATTERJEE - Appellant
Versus
PURNENDU NATH TAGORE - Respondent
Suit 2205 Of 1952
Decided On : DECEMBER 7, 1972
EXECUTION OF DECREE - LIMITATION - FRESH APPLICATION - SUBSTITUTION OF HEIRS - SECTION 214 OF THE INDIAN SUCCESSION ACT - INTERPRETATION AND APPLICATION.
Fact of the Case:
An application for execution of a money decree was filed by the heirs and legal representatives of the deceased decree holder, more than 12 years after the default in payment directed by the decree. The application was initially made within 12 years, but the decree holder died during the pendency of the execution proceedings. The heirs and legal representatives then made an application for substitution and for issuance of notices under Order XXI, Rule 22(1)(a) and Rule 41 of the Code of Civil Procedure. However, no further steps were taken for several years.
Finding of the Court:
The court held that the application made by the heirs and legal representatives in November 1965 was not a fresh application for execution, but rather an application in connection with and in aid of the previous application for execution filed by the deceased decree holder. Therefore, the Supreme Court decision relied upon by the judgment debtor, which held that an application made after 12 years from the date of the decree would be a fresh application, was not applicable in the instant case.
Issues: 1. Whether the application made by the heirs and legal representatives of the deceased decree holder was a fresh application for execution, barred by limitation. 2. Whether the provisions of Section 214 of the Indian Succession Act barred the heirs and legal representatives from executing the decree without obtaining a probate or succession certificate.
Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court interpreted Section 48 of the Code of Civil Procedure and the Supreme Court decision relied upon by the judgment debtor, and held that an application made after 12 years from the date of the decree would only be considered a fresh application if it was finally disposed of or if it asked for a relief substantially different from that asked for in the earlier petition. In the instant case, the application made by the heirs and legal representatives was not a fresh application as it was in continuation of the execution proceedings already initiated by the deceased decree holder. 2. The court interpreted Section 214(1)(b) of the Indian Succession Act and held that the bar applied when persons claiming on succession themselves applied to execute a decree against a debtor for payment or recovery of the deceased's debt. However, in the instant case, the application was not initiated by the heirs and legal representatives themselves, but was a continuation of the execution proceedings initiated by the deceased decree holder. Therefore, the provisions of Section 214 did not bar the heirs and legal representatives from executing the decree.
Final Decision: The court allowed the application for execution of the decree and ordered that the decree be executed in terms of column 10 of the Tabular Statement. However, the court refused to award costs to the applicants due to their inordinate delay in continuing the execution proceedings.
( 1 ) AN application for execution of a money decree dated 30th January. 1953 by attachment and sale of the defendant's sixteen annas share in the divided portion of premises No. 30, Maharshi Debendra Road, Calcutta, has been moved before me by the heirs and legal representatives of the plaintiff-decree holder, one Benode Chatterjee since deceased. The application has been made on Tabular Statement affirmed by the said plaintiff-decree-holder on 27th January, 1965. It appears from endorsement in the Tabular Statement that direction was given by the learned master on the same date for issue of notice under Order XXI Rule 22 (1) (a) of the Code of Civil Procedure. The application was made within 12 years when the default in making the payment directed in the decree in respect of which execution, is sought took place i. e. , 28th February 1953.
( 2 ) THE Notice under Order XXI. Rule 22 (11 (a) was not issued and the plaintiff-decree-holder did not take any step. On April 22. 1965 pending the said execution the plaintiff decree-holder died leaving him surviving Sm. Basanti Chatterjee, widow and Parthe Chatterjee, son as Ms heirs and legal representatives. The said heirs and legal representatives in November 1965 made an ex parte application in this Court whereupon on 9th December. 1965 Order was made by Masud. J. , recording the death of the plaintiff-decree-holder amending the register of the suit by substituting in the cause title thereof the names, address and descriptions of the applicants, for issue of usual Notice under Order XXI, Rule 22 (1) (a) and Notice under Order XXI, Rule 41 of the Code of Civil Procedure. The notice under Order XXI, Rule 41 of the Code was not issued nor did the applicants take any step under the said order.
( 3 ) A notice under Order XXI, Rule 22 (1) (a) of the Code of Civil Procedure dated 27th January, 1965 was issued by the Court on 22nd March, 1972 and was served on the defendant-judgment-debtor on 24th May, 1972.
( 4 ) THE applicants, the said heirs and legal representatives of the plaintiff-decree-holder now proceed with execution of the said decree by the said Tabular Statement affirmed by the plaintiff-decree-holder on 27th January, 1965, as herein above stated. The application is contested on behalf of the judgment-debtor on the grounds that, (1) the applicants having made an application in November, 1965, obtained order on 9th December 1965 inter alia for issue of Notice under Order XXI, Rule 41 of the Code of Civil Procedure on the judgment-debtor, which being substantially a different relief from what was originally prayed for in the pending application, thereby made a fresh application beyond 12 years from the date of the decree i. e. , 30th January, 1965, or from the date of default in payment directed by the decree i. e. , 28th February, 1965. Therefore the original application was deemed to be finally disposed of and the aforesaid fresh application was made beyond the prescribed time of 12 years is not maintainable relying upon a decision. The Counsel for the applicants made faulty arguments in pressing that by the decree, the decree-holder was directed not to execute the decree for 18 months from the date of the decree i. e. , 30th January, 1953. The said period of 18 months according to him should be excluded in computing the time for executing the decree. The argument is patently incorrect because the said restraint on the decree-holder was conditional upon certain payments and in default of the payment as directed in the decree within a month from the date of decree, the decree-holder was entitled to execute the decree forthwith. There was default and the decree became executable after 28th February, 1953. (2) Secondly, the Counsel for the judgment-debtor submitted that the Court should not proceed upon application of the applicants claiming on succession to execute against a debtor of a deceased person a decree for payment of his debt except on production of
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