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1971 Supreme(Cal) 243

HIGH COURT OF CALCUTTA
SABYASACHI MUKHERJI
SHYAM SUNDAR BAJAJ - Appellant
Versus
INCOME-TAX OFFICER, "A" WARD - Respondent
Matter 542  Of  1968
Decided On : NOVEMBER 26, 1971

Advocates Appeared:
ARIJIT CHAUDHARY, D.PAL, DIPAK SEN, R.N.Dutt

After disruption of a Hindu undivided family, that family cannot be proceeded against in respect of its income, if that family was never assessed to tax before.

Headnote:

INCOME TAX - Reopening of assessment - Hindu undivided family - Disruption of family - Assessment of income escaped assessment - Validity of notices - Section 148, 142(1) of the Income-tax Act, 1961.

Fact of the Case:

The petitioner challenged the notices issued under Section 148 of the Income-tax Act, 1961, for the assessment years 1951-52 to 1962-63 and the notices dated 7th June, 1968, under Section 142 (1) of the said Act for the assessment years 1951-52 to 1962-63. The notices were served for the opening of certain assessment of a Hindu undivided family, Messrs. Pannalal Bajaj Shyam Sundar Bajaj.

Finding of the Court:

The court held that the Income-tax Officer had sufficient reasons to initiate the proceedings for the reopening of the assessment of the Hindu undivided family based on the affidavit of Pannalal Bajaj. However, the court also held that the notices were invalid as they did not indicate on whom they were required to be served and were vague.

Issues: 1. Whether there were sufficient reasons for the Income-tax Officer to initiate the proceedings for the reopening of the assessment of the Hindu undivided family? 2. Whether the notices issued under Section 148 and 142(1) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, were valid?

Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court held that the reasons indicated by the Income-tax Officer, based on the affidavit of Pannalal Bajaj, were prima facie not unreasonable and could form the basis for reopening the assessment. 2. The court held that the notices were invalid as they did not indicate on whom they were required to be served and were vague.

Final Decision: The court quashed the notices issued under Section 148 and 142(1) of the Income-tax Act, 1961, for the assessment years 1951-52 to 1962-63 and restrained the respondents from giving effect to the said notices.

SABYASACHI MUKHARJI, J.

( 1 ) THIS is an application challenging the notices under Section 148 of the Income-tax Act, 1961, for the assessment years 1951-52 to 1962-63 and the notices dated 7th June, 1968, under Section 142 (1) of the said Act for the assessment years 1951-52 to 1962-63. The petitioner was served with the notices for the opening of certain assessment of a Hindu undivided family, Messrs. Pannalal Bajaj Shyam Sundar Bajaj Various points were taken in support of this application. It was stated, that there were no materials for the Income-tax Officer, to form any belief that there was any Hindu undivided family at the relevant time or that the income of the family had escaped assessment. The notice was also challenged on the ground that the notice had been served on the Hindu undivided family without indicating on whom the notices had to be served. The notices were vague, it was also urged. It seems that the facts and the reasons relied on for starting the proceedings under Section 147 are that one Pannalal Bajaj, who was the father of the petitioner, had stated in connection with a suit being Suit No. 2006 of 1963 that there was a joint Hindu family and certain properties and assets belonged to the said joint Hindu family. The petitioner filed the suit for the dissolution of certain partnership business. In the said suit Pannalal Bajaj took the defence that the said property did not belong to any partner but to the said Hindu undivided family and the said family had been disrupted in 1963. It is not disputed that the Hindu undivided family had never been taxed before. Counsel for the petitioner at the time of hearing of this application sought to urge that after dissolution of the Hindu undivided family it was no longer possible to assess the Hindu undivided family even for the period during which it was joint. As this point was not specifically taken in the petition, I directed the petitioner to file a supplementary affidavit indicating that point and also gave leave to the respondents to file an affidavit in-oppostion dealing with the said contention. The said affidavits have been filed.

( 2 ) THE first question that requires determination in this case is whether there were materials before the Income-tax Officer to initiate the proceedings for the reopening of the assessment of the said Hindu undivided family. The reasons for initiating the proceedings had been produced before me and also indicated to a certain extent in the affidavit on behalf of the respondents. It appears that the main reason for repening the said assessment was that the Hindu undivided family had certain income which had escaped assessment and that information was obtained from the affidavit of Sbri Pannalal Bajaj in the aforesaid suit. Counsel for the petitioner drew my attention to several decisions and contended that no sufficient reasons had been indicated. Reliance was placed on the decision in the case of Chhugamal Rajpal v. S. P. Chaliha, and on the decision of the Supreme Court in the case of Commissioner of Income-tax v. Burlop Dealers Ltd. , Reliance was placed on the decision of the Supreme Court in the case of Sheo Nath Singh v. Appellate Assistant Commissioner of Income-tax, [1972] 82 I. T. R. 147 (S. C. ). Whether there are reasons for reopening a particular assessment or not, must necessarily depend on the facts of each particular case. The reasons indicated are the statements contained in the affidavit of Pannalal Bajaj. Prima facie those reasons are not unreasonable. If that information had reached the income-tax department and if on the basis of that information the Income-tax Officer had formed the belief that there was a Hindu undivided family and that the income of that Hindu undivided family had escaped assessment, and in view of the entire statement made in the affidavit of Pannalal Bajaj that the Hindu undivided family was such a family which had assessable income, in my opinion it cannot be said that the Income-t




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