( 1 ) THESE three Rules are directed against an order of Mr. J. Sarma Sarkar, Presidency Magistrate, Calcutta, dated 29-5-1954, refusing to exempt the petitioners from appearing in Court during their trial in the three cases concerned. The question to be determined concerns the extent of the Court's jurisdiction under 540a, Cr. P. C. , to dispense with the attendance of an accused when he is being tried with another or more accused persons.

( 2 ) IT appears that by an order dated 24-3-1954, the learned Magistrate dispensed with the attendance in Court of one of the petitioners. This order was subsequently vacated on the ground that the jurisdiction of the Court to grant such exemption was, by Section 540a, limited to an accused's incapacity to remain before the Court. By the last-mentioned order, which is complained of here, the learned Magistrate also discussed his powers under Sections 205 and 353, Cr. P. C. to dispense with an accused's attendance in Court.

( 3 ) UPON our construction of the words "incapable of remaining before the Court" must depend the jurisdiction of the Magistrate to dispense with the attendance in Court of an accused person. In our view, the w