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1990 Supreme(Cal) 453

High Court Of Calcutta
J. N. HORE
SWADESH RANJAN SINHA - Appellant
Versus
HARADEB BANERJEE - Respondent
S. A.  1063  Of  1982
Decided On : 12/03/1990

Advocates Appeared:
Amal Kumar Bose, Chinmoy Samaddar, J.K.Bhattacharya, Jayanti Mukherji, N.K.Roy

A lessee or sub-lessee, even for a long term, is not considered the 'owner' of the premises under Section 13 (1) (ff) of the West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act.

Headnote:

{'KEYWORD': 'Premises Tenancy', 'SUBJECT': 'Ownership of Premises', 'ACT SECTION LIST': ['West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act, Section 13 (1) (ff)'], 'SUMMARY': "A lessee or sub-lessee, even for a long term, is not considered the 'owner' of the premises under Section 13 (1) (ff) of the West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act. Ownership implies indeterminate and residuary rights, which a lessee's or sub-lessee's rights do not possess."}

Fact of the Case:

The plaintiff, a sub-lessee of a flat, filed a suit for eviction of the defendant, a monthly tenant, from the suit premises. The plaintiff claimed that he reasonably required the flat for his own occupation and that he was not in possession of any other suitable accommodation. The defendant contested the suit, denying the grounds of ejectment and challenging the validity of the eviction notice.

Finding of the Court:

The trial court held that the tenancy was determined by a valid notice of ejectment and that the defendant was entitled to protection against eviction under Section 17 (4) of the West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act. The lower appellate court, however, reversed this decision, holding that the plaintiff, being a lessee, was not an 'owner' within the meaning of Section 13 (1) (ff) of the Act.

Issues: 1. Whether a lessee or sub-lessee can be considered the 'owner' of the premises under Section 13 (1) (ff) of the West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act.

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the term 'owner' in Section 13 (1) (ff) of the Act refers to the person with full and absolute ownership of the premises. A lessee or sub-lessee, even for a long term, does not have indeterminate and residuary rights, which are characteristic of ownership. Therefore, a lessee or sub-lessee cannot be considered the 'owner' under the Act.

Final Decision: The appeal was dismissed, and the judgment and decree of the lower appellate court were affirmed.

J. N. HORE, J.

( 1 ) THIS appeal is directed against the judgment and decree dated May 25, 1982 passed by the learned Subordinate Judge, 3rd Court, Howrah in Title Appeal No. 142 of 1981 reversing those of the learned Munsif 3rd Court at Howrah dated April 24, 1981 passed in T. S. No. 165 of 1977.

( 2 ) THE plaintiff-appellant instituted the said suit against the defendant-respondent for eviction from the suit premises and mesne profit. The suit premises comprises a third floor Oat of a Howrah Improvement Trust building located at Kadamtola within P. S. Bantra. The plaintiff's case is that the plaintiff is the owner of the said Cat and the defendant was a monthly tenant under him in respect of the flat at a monthly rental of Rs. 110/- payable according to English calendar month. The defendant defaulted in payment of rent from February 1976. The plaintiff reasonably requires the suit flat for his own use and occupation as he has no alternative suitable accommodation. The defendant's tenancy was determined by service of a combined notice under section 106 of the T. P. Act and section 13 (6) of the West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act expiring on the last date of December, 1976 but the defendant did not comply with the notice. Hence the suit.

( 3 ) THE defendant contested the suit by filing a written statement in which the alleged grounds of ejectment were denied. The service of the notice and the legality and validity thereof was also challenged.

( 4 ) UPON consideration of the evidence, the learned Munsif has held that the tenancy was determined on the expiry of December, 1976 by service of a valid notice of ejectment. He has further held that the defendant was a defaulter but was entitled to protection against eviction under Section 17 (4) of the West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act. He has accepted the plaintiff's case that he is the owner of the suit premises and he reasonably requires the suit premises for his use and occupation and that he is not in possession of any other reasonably suitable accommodation. He has accordingly passed a decree in favour of the plaintiff.

( 5 ) IN the appeal preferred by the defendant being Title Appeal No. 142 of 1981, the lower appellate court has held that the plaintiff being a lessee of the disputed premises is not owner within the meaning of section 13 (1) (ff) of the West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act and as such he has not considered the question whether the plaintiff reasonably requires the suit premises for his own occupation and whether he is in possession of reasonably suitably accommodation and allowed the appeal setting aside the judgment and decree of the trial court. Being aggrieved the plaintiff has preferred this second appeal.

( 6 ) THE appellant has filed an application under Order 41 Rule 27 of the C. P. Code for accepting the bye-laws of the Kadamtola Housing Co-operative Society Limited of which the appellant is a member, the share certificate and the registered deed of lease dated 22nd March, 1990 between the Calcutta Metropolitan Development Authority and the Kadamtola Housing Co-operative Society by which the said Housing Society was granted lease of the disputed four storied building containing 16 flats for a period of 99 years with an option of reneual for another 99 years with right to grant sub-lease for the same period to its members under its own rules and regulations. There is no dispute that the plaintiff is a member of. the said Kadamtola Housing Co-operative Society and that the disputed flat has been allotted to him and that the plaintiff is a sub-lessee under the said Housing Society. The documents annexed to the petition may be admitted as additional evidence. It appears that the erstwhile Board of Trustees of the Howrah Improvement Trust, in implementation of a Housing Accommodation Scheme for providing residential accommodation to persons of Low Income Group having annual income not exceeding Rs. 6,00/- erected 16 units four storied building in question as









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