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1981 Supreme(Cal) 251

High Court Of Calcutta
B. N. Maitra
ANADI NATH CHAKRABORTY - Appellant
Versus
DUKHIRAM GHOSE - Respondent
A. F. A. D.  595  Of  1974
Decided On : 07/14/1981

Advocates Appeared:
DIPAK KUMAR SENGUPTA, N.R.CHATTERJI, Saktinath Mukherjee, SAMARESH NANDI

A licensee of immovable property, such as profits a prendre, has an independent right to sue for an injunction to protect his interest in the property, but such right is limited to the duration of the license.

Headnote:

LICENCE - PROFITS A PRENDRE - WEST BENGAL ACQUISITION ACT - RIGHT OF LICENSE HOLDER TO SUE FOR INJUNCTION - TRANSFER OF PROPERTY ACT - REGISTRATION ACT - CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE, ORDER 22 RULE 10, SECTION 146 - EFFECT OF SUBSEQUENT EVENTS ON THE SUIT - APPLICABILITY OF THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 146 AND ORDER 22 RULE 10 OF THE CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE.

Fact of the Case:

Plaintiff claimed to be a licensee of the disputed property under the defendant No. 2, who retained the same under the provisions of the West Bengal Acquisition Act. The defendant No. 1 claimed interest in the property and obstructed the plaintiff from exercising his rights as a licensee. The plaintiff filed a suit for a permanent injunction and declaration of his right as a licensee.

Finding of the Court:

The trial court and the appellate court decreed the suit in favor of the plaintiff, holding that he was a licensee of the disputed property and that the defendant No. 1 had no interest in the property.

Issues: 1. Whether the plaintiff had a valid license to the disputed property? 2. Whether the defendant No. 1 had any interest in the disputed property? 3. Whether the plaintiff could maintain the suit for a permanent injunction and declaration of his right as a licensee beyond the term of his license? 4. Whether the provisions of Section 146 and Order 22 Rule 10 of the Civil Procedure Code applied to the case?

Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court held that the plaintiff had a valid license to the disputed property for the year 1375 B.S. as evidenced by the payment of license fee and the grant of a license by the defendant No. 2. 2. The court held that the defendant No. 1 had no interest in the disputed property as his claim of settlement of two bighas of land and the claim of Nitya Gopal Biswas for settlement of 2.72 acres of land were not established by clear and cogent evidence. 3. The court held that the plaintiff could not maintain the suit for a permanent injunction and declaration of his right as a licensee beyond the term of his license, which was only for the year 1375 B.S., as the subsequent grant of license for the period up to 1379 B.S. was not a devolution of interest or assignment within the meaning of Section 146 and Order 22 Rule 10 of the Civil Procedure Code. 4. The court held that the provisions of Section 146 and Order 22 Rule 10 of the Civil Procedure Code did not apply to the case as the plaintiff was not claiming under the defendant No. 2 but through him.

Final Decision: The appeal was allowed in part. The judgment and decree of the lower courts were set aside. The suit was decreed in part, declaring that the plaintiff was a licensee of the disputed property only for the year 1375 B.S. The other prayers for permanent injunction and declaration of interest as a licensee beyond 1375 B.S. were refused.

B. N. MAITRA, J.

( 1 ) THE plaintiff has alleged that the three disputed plots belonged to pro forma defendant No. 2 who retained the same under the provisions of the West Bengal Acquisition Act. He paid licence fee of Rs. 300/- and on the 15th Sravan, 1375 B. S. , took a licence of that property for that year from Pro forma defendant No. 2. The defendant No. 1 came to catch fish from that pond, but he put up obstruction. Due to such threat, the plaintiff has instituted the present suit for a permanent injunction on declaration that he is a licensee regarding that property in question under pro forma defendant No. 2.

( 2 ) DEFENDANT No. 1 has filed a written statement denying the plaintiffs allegations. His defence is that out of the big plot No. 518, he took settlement of two bighas on the north east from pro forma defendant No. 2. He is in possession of that property. One Nitya Gopal Biswas took settlement of plot No. 293 and the area of the land taken settlement of by the latter from pro forma defendant No. 2 is 2. 72 acres. He is a bargadar of that land under Nitya Gopal.

( 3 ) THE learned Munsif believed the plaintiff's version and decreed the suit. The defendant No. 1 filed an appeal. The appellate court affirmed the decision of the learned Munsif and held that the case of the plaintiffs right in the disputed property as a licensee was true. The defendant No. 1 had no interest in two bighas of land out of the disputed plot No. 518. Nitya Gopal's case of settlement of 2. 72 acres of land was not true. The appeal was dismissed. Hence this appeal on behalf of the defendant No, 1.

( 4 ) IT has been contended on behalf of the appellant that when the judgment was delivered, the plaintiff was no longer a licensee regarding the disputed property. The case became infructuous, when the appeal was filed, p. W. 3, Gunindra Choudhury, admitted the receipts, Exts. A to A/2. But the courts below did not consider this material evidence. Defendant No. 1 called for the Muris from the office of the pro forma defendant No. 2, but those documents were not produced. Hence there will be an adverse inference against the pro forma defendant No. 2 for non-production of those documents. The learned courts below illegally rejected the evidence of the D. Ws. The entire evidence given by them was not discussed or considered. The evidence of P. W. 3, Gunindra Choudhury, was also not considered. There was a case with Maharaja of Nadia pro forma defendant No. 2, under Section 144 of the Criminal P. C. because there was an obstruction of the way to the disputed property and a police report. Ext. I, was submitted. But the courts below did not consider that report, Ext. I The letter, Ext. E, written from the office of the Maharaja of Nadia shows that a direction was given to Bata Krishto Mondal not to depose in favour of defendant No. 1 Bata Krishto was intentionally withheld by pro forma defendant No. 2 and hence, there will be an adverse inference against him. In fact, pro forma defendant No. 2 has been pulling the strings from behind. The courts below illegally rejected the dakhilas, Ext. B series.

( 5 ) THE learned Advocate appearing On behalf of the respondent No. 1 supported the decision of the courts below.

( 6 ) THE learned Advocate appearing on behalf of the respondent No. 2 has stated that the appellant does not claim any title to the plot No. 293. He only says that the plot was erroneously recorded in the name of pro forma defendant No. 2 in the R. S. Khatian.

( 7 ) NOW question arises whether the appellant has any interest in two bighas of land on the north-eastern portion of the big plot No. 518. That plot measures 17. 94 acres. No commission was taken out by defendant No. 1 to establish the identity regarding the alleged two bighas of land. Moreover, both the courts below have concurrently disbelieved this portion of the appellant's case. Hence in second appeal this finding of fact cannot be disturbed.

( 8 ) THE appellant does not cla














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