High Court Of Calcutta
Dipankar Datta, J.
Samir Chatterjee : Appellant
Versus
Pratima Sanyal : Respondent
C.O. 3227 of 2010
Decided On : Dec 02, 2011
SPECIAL MARRIAGE ACT - NULLITY OF MARRIAGE - ALIMONY PENDENTE LITE - WIFE - INTERPRETATION: The term -wife- in Section 36 of the Special Marriage Act, 1954 (SM Act) should be interpreted to include a woman who claims to be the wife of a man, her husband, although it may appear that her marriage, so called, with such man is void for one reason or the other as specified in the SM Act.
Fact of the Case:
Petitioner, a bank staff, married the opposite party under the provisions of the SM Act in 1995. The opposite party was already married to one Ranjit and had a son. The petitioner was aware of the opposite party's marriage but, despite her rejection, he started paying regular visits and gradually won her heart. The petitioner purchased a flat after registration of marriage and there they started living as husband and wife. However, over a period of time, the petitioner developed animosity towards her and started treating her brutally, including beating her mercilessly. Ultimately, the petitioner left the said flat leaving the opposite party to stay thereat all alone and has been threatening her to deliver quiet and vacant possession thereof failing which dire consequences would follow. The opposite party filed an application for alimony pendente lite under Section 36 of the Act. The petitioner contested the application by filing a written objection. He pleaded that the marriage between the opposite party and Ranjit was dissolved on August 31, 2001, and that since the marriage between the parties is void, she is not entitled to alimony pendente lite.
Finding of the Court:
The Court held that the term -wife- in Section 36 of the SM Act should be interpreted to include a woman who claims to be the wife of a man, her husband, although it may appear that her marriage, so called, with such man is void for one reason or the other as specified in the SM Act. The Court further held that the learned Judge of the trial Court did not commit any error of jurisdiction in passing the order impugned.
Issues: Whether a woman is entitled to alimony pendente lite under Section 36 of the SM Act during the pendency of a suit even when, prima facie, the marriage is found to be nullity.
Ratio Decidendi: The Court relied on the decision in Ramesh Chandra Rampratapji Daga v. Rameshwari Ramesh Chandra Daga, wherein it was held that the expression -at the time of passing any decree- in Section 25 of the Hindu Marriage Act includes a decree of nullity of marriage. The Court also relied on the decision in Laxmibai v. Ayodhya Prasad alias Ramadhar, wherein it was held that the expression -wife- in Section 24 of the Hindu Marriage Act ought not to be literally read as meaning a legally married wife in the purest sense of the term but should mean a person claiming to be a wife.
Final Decision: The Court dismissed the revisional application without order for costs.
DIPANKAR DATTA, J.
1. THE petitioner instituted a suit, in the Court of the learned District Judge at Barasat, 24 Parganas (N), praying for a decree declaring the marriage between him and the defendant (opposite party herein) as nullity under Section 24 read with Section 4(a) of the Special Marriage Act, 1954 (hereafter the SM Act). It was registered as Matrimonial Suit No. 1807 of 2006 and is pending for decision now before the learned Additional District Judge, Fast Track Court No. 2, Barrackpore, 24 Parganas (N).
2. IT is the plaint case that marriage of the petitioner with the opposite party was registered under the provisions of the SM Act on August 11, 1995 and that prior thereto, the opposite party while representing to the petitioner that she is virgin/unmarried suppressed the fact of her subsisting marriage with one Ranjit Roy (hereafter Ranjit). The petitioner claimed that her marriage with the opposite party is void ab initio since she had a spouse living on the date of registration of marriage and, accordingly, prayed for relief as noted above.
The opposite party has been contesting the suit by filing a written statement. Perusal thereof reveals that the opposite party, after her father died in the year 1991, had approached the petitioner, a bank staff, who was looking after fixed deposits/savings account/locker etc. standing in the name of her deceased father, for effecting necessary changes so that she, along with her mother, could operate the same. The opposite party was married to Ranjit and a son was born in their wedlock but her conjugal life was full of disturbances and not a happy one. The petitioner, being fully aware of such marriage and the fact that the opposite party had a son, started expressing a strong desire to marry her, which she rejected forthwith because of her subsisting marriage. Two letters written by the petitioner to the opposite party were annexed to the written statement for the purpose of establishing her plea that it was the petitioner who made approaches towards her. However, while the opposite party stood by her firm decision not to give indulgence to the petitioner, he started paying regular visits and took more and more progressive view and gradually won her heart. According to her, the petitioner knowingly married her despite subsistence of her earlier marriage and assured her that there would be no -obstruction stands- (sic -objection from his side- ?) in this regard. The petitioner purchased a flat after registration of marriage and there they started living as husband and wife. However gradually, over a period of time, the petitioner developed a sort of animosity towards her and started treating her brutally, including beating her mercilessly. Ultimately, the petitioner left the said flat on October 24, 2005 leaving the opposite party to stay thereat all alone and has been threatening her to deliver quiet and vacant possession thereof failing which dire consequences would follow. It is alleged therein that the petitioner allured the opposite party to marry him despite being aware of her antecedents to rob her of her accumulated fortune and taking advantage of her simplicity committed acts of violence leaving an indelible scar on the most cherished possession of a woman, her chastity, thereby jeopardizing her reputation and lowering her esteem.
3. IN connection with the suit, the opposite party filed an application for alimony pendente lite under Section 36 of the Act. The petitioner contested the application by filing a written objection. He pleaded therein that the marriage between the opposite party and Ranjit was dissolved on August 31, 2001 and that since the marriage between the parties is void, she is not entitled to alimony pendente lite.
4. THE learned judge heard the parties. By order dated August 7, 2010, he allowed the application under Section 36 of the Act. According to him, whether or not the marriage of the opposite party with Ranjit was subsisting at the
Login now and unlock free premium legal research
Login to SupremeToday AI and access free legal analysis, AI highlights, and smart tools.
Login
now!
India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!
Copyright © 2023 Vikas Info Solution Pvt Ltd. All Rights Reserved.