IN THE HIGH COURT AT CALCUTTA
Aloke Chakraborty & Joytosh Banerjee, JJ.
Panchanan Pal
vs.
Kamal Kr. Nath & Ors.
RVW No. 3092 of 2000 with S.A. No. 176 of 2000
Decided On : July 12, 2002
REVIEW APPLICATION - WEST BENGAL PREMISES TENANCY ACT, 1997 - SECTION 17(4) - ERROR APPARENT ON THE FACE OF THE RECORD - WHETHER THE COURT ERRED IN DISMISSING THE APPEAL CONSIDERING THE PROVISO TO SECTION 17(4) OF THE ACT - HELD, NO.
Fact of the Case:
Plaintiff filed a suit for eviction of the defendant after terminating the tenancy by serving a combined notice under section 13(6) of the Premises Tenancy Act and 106 of the T.P. Act. The defendant No. 3 contested the suit by filing a written statement contending, inter alia, that the plaintiff was a thika tenant, though he was the owner of the structure in question. Both the courts below found that the defendant/tenants under the plaintiff, defaulted in payment of rent and before them their predecessor-in-interest, the original tenant also defaulted in payment of rent from November, 1985 to May, 1986. The court below decreed the suit directing the eviction of the house tenants and dismissed the appeal affirming the decree of eviction.
Finding of the Court:
The court held that there was no error apparent on the face of the record in the impugned order. The court noted that the previous suit for eviction between the landlord and the predecessor-in-interest of the tenant/petitioner was disposed of through a compromise petition wherein the original tenant admitted that he defaulted in payment of rent as contemplated under section 13(1) (i) of the West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act. The court also noted that the contesting defendant in his written statement contended that the plaintiff was a thika tenant though he was the owner of the structure in question. Therefore, the petitioner being a tenant in respect of the structure cannot now say that the landlord was only a thika tenant.
Issues: 1. Whether the court erred in law in dismissing the appeal considering the proviso to section 17(4) of the West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act, as it failed to appreciate that the said provision could not be made applicable in the instant case, inasmuch as disposal of the previous suit was done on the basis of a compromise decree between the predecessor-in interest of the appellant/petitioner, and the landlord? 2. Whether the court should have appreciated that the courts below erred in law in not deciding the specific contention of the appellant that the plaintiff/respondent No. 1 was a thika tenant in respect of the suit premises and he was not the owner of the suit premises.
Ratio Decidendi: 1. The court held that proviso to sub-section (4) of section 17 of the West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act comes into play in the event of the second default and it has already been noted in the order impugned that through the compromise petition in the first suit for eviction, tenant admitted himself to be a defaulter. 2. The court also held that the petitioner being a tenant in respect of the structure cannot now say that the landlord was only a thika tenant.
Final Decision: The court dismissed the review application.
Joytosh Banerjee, J.
This is an application for review under section 114 of the Code of Civil Procedure and it is directed against the judgement dt. 9.8.2000 passed in S.A. No. 176/2000 by me sitting with Justice Y.R. Meena (as His Lordship then was).
2. The second appeal in question was against the judgement and decree of dismissal of the first appeal by the 1st Court of Civil Judge (Sr. Division) at Alipore in the district of 24-Parganas (S) affirming the judgement and decree of dismissal passed by the trial court. Plaintiff brought the suit as the owner of premises No. 253-A, B.B. Chatterjee Road, P.S. Kasba alleging that the predecessor-in-interest of the defendant Ganesh Chandra Pal was a tenant in respect of the suit room, situated in the said premises at a rental of Rs. 40/- per month. Previously plaintiff had the occasion to bring the suit for ejectment against the said predecessor-in-interest Ganesh Ch. Pal claiming his eviction from the suit room on the ground of default and the same was registered as Suit No. 455 of 1980. That suit was dismissed on the basis of a solenama on 7.4.84 wherein the defendant original tenant was adjudged as a defaulter in payment of rent but he was given protection against the eviction under section 17(4) of the West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act. It was the specific allegation that the said Ganesh Ch. Pal paid rent to the landlord/ plaintiff upto October, 1985 and thereafter he defaulted in payment of rent during his life time. The original tenant died on 22.5.86. The defendants were the successor-in-interest of the said Ganesh Ch. Pal and they also defaulted in payment of rent since November, 1985 after they stepped into the shoes of the original defendant. In that background, the plaintiff filed the suit for eviction of the defendant after terminating the tenancy by serving a combined notice under section 13(6) of the Premises Tenancy Act and 106 of the T.P. Act. The defendant No. 3 contested the suit by filing a written statement contending, inter alia, that the plaintiff was a thika tenant, though he was the owner of the structure in question. The original tenant Ganesh Ch. Pal and after his death, the contesting defendant paid rent upto May, 1986 without any rent receipt and thereafter the defendant started depositing the rent in the office of the Rent Controller. Both the courts below found that the defendant/tenants under the plaintiff, defaulted in payment of rent and before them their predecessor-in-interest, the original tenant also defaulted in payment of rent from November, 1985 to May, 1986. Since the original defendant got protection from the decree of the decree of eviction the present defendants as a successor was not entitled to get any protection under section 17(4) of the West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act and with this findings the court below decreed the suit directing the eviction of the house tenants and dismissed the appeal affirming the decree of eviction.
3. In the judgement impugned, we considered the question whether in view of the concurrent findings of both the courts below that the original defendants and after him, the defendants defaulted in payment of rent, there was any substantial question of law involved in the present appeal. It was noted in the judgement impugned, that both the courts below reached at a concurrent finding that since the original defendant got the protection from the eviction under sub-section (4) of section 17 of the West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act, the defendants of the suit one of whom was the appellant before the court were not entitled to get any protection from eviction in view of proviso to sub-section (4) of section 17 of the West Bengal Premises Tenancy Act. It was further noted that such decision had been challenged in the second appeal on the ground that since earlier suit had been disposed of on the basis of the compromise application, there was no question of compliance with the provisions of sub-section (1) or sub-sec
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